ID:PRKX_HUMAN DESCRIPTION: RecName: Full=cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit PRKX; Short=PrKX; Short=Protein kinase X; Short=Protein kinase X-linked; Short=Serine/threonine-protein kinase PRKX; EC=2.7.11.1; AltName: Full=Protein kinase PKX1; FUNCTION: Serine/threonine protein kinase regulated by and mediating cAMP signaling in cells. Acts through phosphorylation of downstream targets that may include CREB, SMAD6 and PKD1 and has multiple functions in cellular differentiation and epithelial morphogenesis. Regulates myeloid cell differentiation through SMAD6 phosphorylation. Involved in nephrogenesis by stimulating renal epithelial cell migration and tubulogenesis. Also involved in angiogenesis through stimulation of endothelial cell proliferation, migration and vascular-like structure formation. CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: ATP + a protein = ADP + a phosphoprotein. ENZYME REGULATION: Binding of cAMP to the PRKAR1A or PRKAR1B regulatory subunits induces dissociation of the holoenzyme heterotetramer. The released monomeric PRKX is then active and able to phosphorylate its substrates. BIOPHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES: Kinetic parameters: KM=127 uM for ATP (in the presence of 10 mM magnesium chloride); KM=58 uM for kemptide (in the presence of 10 mM magnesium chloride); KM=6.7 uM for kemptide (in the presence of 1 uM Br-cAMP at 30 degrees Celsius); SUBUNIT: Like other cAMP-dependent protein kinases, the inactive holoenzyme is probably composed of 2 PRKX catalytic subunits and a dimer of regulatory subunits. Interacts (cAMP-dependent) specifically with the regulatory subunits PRKAR1A and PRKAR1B. Compared to other cAMP-dependent serine/threonine protein kinases, does not interact with the 2 other PKA regulatory subunits PRKAR2A and PRKAR2B. Interacts with cAMP-dependent protein kinase inhibitor/PKI proteins; inhibits PRKX. Interacts with GPKOW. Interacts with SMAD6. Interacts with PKD1; involved in differentiation and controlled morphogenesis of the kidney. Interacts with PIN1 (via WW domain). INTERACTION: Q92917:GPKOW; NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-4302903, EBI-746309; P10644:PRKAR1A; NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-4302903, EBI-476431; O43541:SMAD6; NbExp=5; IntAct=EBI-4302903, EBI-976374; SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. Nucleus. Note=cAMP induces nuclear translocation. TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Widely expressed (at protein level). Specifically expressed in blood by macrophages and granulocytes according to PubMed:9860982. DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE: Expression is developmentally regulated being high and specific in a wide range of developing tissues including liver, kidney, brain and pancreas (at protein level). INDUCTION: Up-regulated by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA). PTM: Phosphorylated; autophosphorylates in vitro. DISEASE: Note=A chromosomal aberration involving PRKX is a cause of sex reversal disorder. Translocation t(X;Y)(p22;p11) with PRKY. Chromosomal translocations proximal to PRKY account for about 30% of the cases of sex reversal disorder in XX males and XY females. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. AGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. cAMP subfamily. SIMILARITY: Contains 1 AGC-kinase C-terminal domain. SIMILARITY: Contains 1 protein kinase domain.
The RNAfold program from the Vienna RNA Package is used to perform the secondary structure predictions and folding calculations. The estimated folding energy is in kcal/mol. The more negative the energy, the more secondary structure the RNA is likely to have.
ModBase Predicted Comparative 3D Structure on P51817
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Orthologous Genes in Other Species
Orthologies between human, mouse, and rat are computed by taking the best BLASTP hit, and filtering out non-syntenic hits. For more distant species reciprocal-best BLASTP hits are used. Note that the absence of an ortholog in the table below may reflect incomplete annotations in the other species rather than a true absence of the orthologous gene.
US Server
Sequence and Links to Tools and Databases 
Common Gene Haplotype Alleles 
