ID:ACACB_HUMAN DESCRIPTION: RecName: Full=Acetyl-CoA carboxylase 2; EC=6.4.1.2; AltName: Full=ACC-beta; Includes: RecName: Full=Biotin carboxylase; EC=6.3.4.14; FUNCTION: ACC-beta may be involved in the provision of malonyl-CoA or in the regulation of fatty acid oxidation, rather than fatty acid biosynthesis. Carries out three functions: biotin carboxyl carrier protein, biotin carboxylase and carboxyltransferase. CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO(3)(-) = ADP + phosphate + malonyl-CoA. CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: ATP + biotin-[carboxyl-carrier-protein] + CO(2) = ADP + phosphate + carboxy-biotin-[carboxyl-carrier- protein]. COFACTOR: Biotin (By similarity). COFACTOR: Binds 2 manganese ions per subunit (By similarity). ENZYME REGULATION: Activity is increased by oligomerization. Activated by citrate. Citrate and MID1IP1 promote oligomerization. Inhibited by malonyl-CoA. BIOPHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES: Kinetic parameters: KM=120 uM for ATP; KM=58 uM for Acetyl-CoA; KM=3.0 mM for NaHCO(3); PATHWAY: Lipid metabolism; malonyl-CoA biosynthesis; malonyl-CoA from acetyl-CoA: step 1/1. SUBUNIT: Monomer, homodimer, and homotetramer. Can form filamentous polymers. Interacts with MID1IP1; interaction with MID1IP1 promotes oligomerization and increases its activity. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Endomembrane system. Note=May associate with membranes. TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Predominantly expressed in the heart, skeletal muscles and liver. PTM: Phosphorylated by AMPK, leading to inactivates enzyme activity (By similarity). SIMILARITY: Contains 1 ATP-grasp domain. SIMILARITY: Contains 1 biotin carboxylation domain. SIMILARITY: Contains 1 biotinyl-binding domain. SIMILARITY: Contains 1 carboxyltransferase domain. SEQUENCE CAUTION: Sequence=AAB58382.1; Type=Miscellaneous discrepancy; Note=Many Frameshifts and conflicts; Sequence=CAE01470.2; Type=Erroneous translation; Note=Wrong choice of CDS;
The RNAfold program from the Vienna RNA Package is used to perform the secondary structure predictions and folding calculations. The estimated folding energy is in kcal/mol. The more negative the energy, the more secondary structure the RNA is likely to have.
ModBase Predicted Comparative 3D Structure on O00763
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Orthologous Genes in Other Species
Orthologies between human, mouse, and rat are computed by taking the best BLASTP hit, and filtering out non-syntenic hits. For more distant species reciprocal-best BLASTP hits are used. Note that the absence of an ortholog in the table below may reflect incomplete annotations in the other species rather than a true absence of the orthologous gene.
Biological Process: GO:0006084 acetyl-CoA metabolic process GO:0006629 lipid metabolic process GO:0006631 fatty acid metabolic process GO:0006633 fatty acid biosynthetic process GO:0006853 carnitine shuttle GO:0008152 metabolic process GO:0010629 negative regulation of gene expression GO:0010884 positive regulation of lipid storage GO:0010906 regulation of glucose metabolic process GO:0014070 response to organic cyclic compound GO:0031325 positive regulation of cellular metabolic process GO:0031667 response to nutrient levels GO:0031999 negative regulation of fatty acid beta-oxidation GO:0042493 response to drug GO:0043086 negative regulation of catalytic activity GO:0045540 regulation of cholesterol biosynthetic process GO:0046322 negative regulation of fatty acid oxidation GO:0050995 negative regulation of lipid catabolic process GO:0051289 protein homotetramerization GO:0060421 positive regulation of heart growth GO:0097009 energy homeostasis GO:2001295 malonyl-CoA biosynthetic process
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Sequence and Links to Tools and Databases 
Common Gene Haplotype Alleles 
