ID:AKT1_HUMAN DESCRIPTION: RecName: Full=RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase; EC=2.7.11.1; AltName: Full=Protein kinase B; Short=PKB; AltName: Full=Protein kinase B alpha; Short=PKB alpha; AltName: Full=Proto-oncogene c-Akt; AltName: Full=RAC-PK-alpha; FUNCTION: AKT1 is one of 3 closely related serine/threonine- protein kinases (AKT1, AKT2 and AKT3) called the AKT kinase, and which regulate many processes including metabolism, proliferation, cell survival, growth and angiogenesis. This is mediated through serine and/or threonine phosphorylation of a range of downstream substrates. Over 100 substrate candidates have been reported so far, but for most of them, no isoform specificity has been reported. AKT is responsible of the regulation of glucose uptake by mediating insulin-induced translocation of the SLC2A4/GLUT4 glucose transporter to the cell surface. Phosphorylation of PTPN1 at 'Ser-50' negatively modulates its phosphatase activity preventing dephosphorylation of the insulin receptor and the attenuation of insulin signaling. Phosphorylation of TBC1D4 triggers the binding of this effector to inhibitory 14-3-3 proteins, which is required for insulin-stimulated glucose transport. AKT regulates also the storage of glucose in the form of glycogen by phosphorylating GSK3A at 'Ser-21' and GSK3B at 'Ser-9', resulting in inhibition of its kinase activity. Phosphorylation of GSK3 isoforms by AKT is also thought to be one mechanism by which cell proliferation is driven. AKT regulates also cell survival via the phosphorylation of MAP3K5 (apoptosis signal-related kinase). Phosphorylation of 'Ser-83' decreases MAP3K5 kinase activity stimulated by oxidative stress and thereby prevents apoptosis. AKT mediates insulin-stimulated protein synthesis by phosphorylating TSC2 at 'Ser-939' and 'Thr-1462', thereby activating mTORC1 signaling and leading to both phosphorylation of 4E-BP1 and in activation of RPS6KB1. AKT is involved in the phosphorylation of members of the FOXO factors (Forkhead family of transcription factors), leading to binding of 14-3-3 proteins and cytoplasmic localization. In particular, FOXO1 is phosphorylated at 'Thr-24', 'Ser-256' and 'Ser-319'. FOXO3 and FOXO4 are phosphorylated on equivalent sites. AKT has an important role in the regulation of NF-kappa-B-dependent gene transcription and positively regulates the activity of CREB1 (cyclic AMP (cAMP)- response element binding protein). The phosphorylation of CREB1 induces the binding of accessory proteins that are necessary for the transcription of pro-survival genes such as BCL2 and MCL1. AKT phosphorylates 'Ser-454' on ATP citrate lyase (ACLY), thereby potentially regulating ACLY activity and fatty acid synthesis. Activates the 3B isoform of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase (PDE3B) via phosphorylation of 'Ser-273', resulting in reduced cyclic AMP levels and inhibition of lipolysis. Phosphorylates PIKFYVE on 'Ser-318', which results in increased PI(3)P-5 activity. The Rho GTPase-activating protein DLC1 is another substrate and its phosphorylation is implicated in the regulation cell proliferation and cell growth. AKT plays a role as key modulator of the AKT-mTOR signaling pathway controlling the tempo of the process of newborn neurons integration during adult neurogenesis, including correct neuron positioning, dendritic development and synapse formation. Signals downstream of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI(3)K) to mediate the effects of various growth factors such as platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), epidermal growth factor (EGF), insulin and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I). AKT mediates the antiapoptotic effects of IGF-I. Essential for the SPATA13-mediated regulation of cell migration and adhesion assembly and disassembly. May be involved in the regulation of the placental development. Phosphorylates STK4/MST1 at 'Thr-120' and 'Thr-387' leading to inhibition of its: kinase activity, nuclear translocation, autophosphorylation and ability to phosphorylate FOXO3. Phosphorylates STK3/MST2 at 'Thr- 117' and 'Thr-384' leading to inhibition of its: cleavage, kinase activity, autophosphorylation at Thr-180, binding to RASSF1 and nuclear translocation. Phosphorylates SRPK2 and enhances its kinase activity towards SRSF2 and ACIN1 and promotes its nuclear translocation. Phosphorylates RAF1 at 'Ser-259' and negatively regulates its activity. Phosphorylation of BAD stimulates its pro- apoptotic activity. FUNCTION: AKT1-specific substrates have been recently identified, including palladin (PALLD), which phosphorylation modulates cytoskeletal organization and cell motility; prohibitin (PHB), playing an important role in cell metabolism and proliferation; and CDKN1A, for which phosphorylation at 'Thr-145' induces its release from CDK2 and cytoplasmic relocalization. These recent findings indicate that the AKT1 isoform has a more specific role in cell motility and proliferation. Phosphorylates CLK2 thereby controlling cell survival to ionizing radiation. CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: ATP + a protein = ADP + a phosphoprotein. ENZYME REGULATION: Three specific sites, one in the kinase domain (Thr-308) and the two other ones in the C-terminal regulatory region (Ser-473 and Tyr-474), need to be phosphorylated for its full activation. Inhibited by pyrrolopyrimidine inhibitors like aniline triazole and spiroindoline. BIOPHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES: Kinetic parameters: KM=52.8 uM for ATP (for purified and in vitro activated AKT1); KM=0.5 uM for peptide substrate (for purified and in vitro activated AKT1); KM=143.3 uM for ATP (for recombinant myristoylated AKT1 expressed and immunoprecipitated from Rat-1 cells); KM=2.9 uM for peptide substrate (for recombinant myristoylated AKT1 expressed and immunoprecipitated from Rat-1 cells); SUBUNIT: Interacts (via the C-terminus) with CCDC88A (via its C- terminus). Interacts with GRB10; the interaction leads to GRB10 phosphorylation thus promoting YWHAE-binding (By similarity). Interacts with AGAP2 (isoform 2/PIKE-A); the interaction occurs in the presence of guanine nucleotides. Interacts with AKTIP. Interacts (via PH domain) with MTCP1, TCL1A AND TCL1B. Interacts with CDKN1B; the interaction phosphorylates CDKN1B promoting 14-3- 3 binding and cell-cycle progression. Interacts with MAP3K5 and TRAF6. Interacts with BAD, PPP2R5B, STK3 and STK4. Interacts (via PH domain) with SIRT1. Interacts with SRPK2 in a phosphorylation- dependent manner. Interacts with RAF1. Interacts with TRIM13; the interaction ubiquitinates AKT1 leading to its proteasomal degradation. Interacts with TNK2 and CLK2. Interacts (via the C- terminus) with THEM4 (via its C-terminus). Interacts with and phosphorylated by PDPK1. INTERACTION: Self; NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-296087, EBI-296087; P29067:Arrb2 (xeno); NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-296087, EBI-1636616; Q8IXJ9:ASXL1; NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-296087, EBI-1646500; O95999:BCL10; NbExp=4; IntAct=EBI-296087, EBI-958922; Q16543:CDC37; NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-296087, EBI-295634; P49841:GSK3B; NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-296087, EBI-373586; Q99683:MAP3K5; NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-296087, EBI-476263; O60437:PPL; NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-296087, EBI-368321; Q15047:SETDB1; NbExp=9; IntAct=EBI-296087, EBI-79691; Q96EB6:SIRT1; NbExp=5; IntAct=EBI-296087, EBI-1802965; P08670:VIM; NbExp=29; IntAct=EBI-296087, EBI-353844; SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. Nucleus. Cell membrane. Note=Nucleus after activation by integrin-linked protein kinase 1 (ILK1). Nuclear translocation is enhanced by interaction with TCL1A. Phosphorylation on Tyr-176 by TNK2 results in its localization to the cell membrane where it is targeted for further phosphorylations on Thr-308 and Ser-473 leading to its activation and the activated form translocates to the nucleus. TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Expressed in prostate cancer and levels increase from the normal to the malignant state (at protein level). Expressed in all human cell types so far analyzed. The Tyr-176 phosphorylated form shows a significant increase in expression in breast cancers during the progressive stages i.e. normal to hyperplasia (ADH), ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) and lymph node metastatic (LNMM) stages. DOMAIN: Binding of the PH domain to phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5- trisphosphate (PI(3,4,5)P3) following phosphatidylinositol 3- kinase alpha (PIK3CA) activity results in its targeting to the plasma membrane. The PH domain mediates interaction with TNK2 and Tyr-176 is also essential for this interaction. DOMAIN: The AGC-kinase C-terminal mediates interaction with THEM4. PTM: O-GlcNAcylation at Thr-305 and Thr-312 inhibits activating phosphorylation at Thr-308 via disrupting the interaction between AKT1 and PDPK1. O-GlcNAcylation at Ser-473 also probably interferes with phosphorylation at this site. PTM: Phosphorylation on Thr-308, Ser-473 and Tyr-474 is required for full activity. Activated TNK2 phosphorylates it on Tyr-176 resulting in its binding to the anionic plasma membrane phospholipid PA. This phosphorylated form localizes to the cell membrane, where it is targeted by PDPK1 and PDPK2 for further phosphorylations on Thr-308 and Ser-473 leading to its activation. Ser-473 phosphorylation by mTORC2 favors Thr-308 phosphorylation by PDPK1. Ser-473 phosphorylation is enhanced by interaction with AGAP2 isoform 2 (PIKE-A). Ser-473 phosphorylation is enhanced in focal cortical dysplasias with Taylor-type balloon cells. Ser-473 phosphorylation is enhanced by signaling through activated FLT3. Dephosphorylated at Thr-308 and Ser-473 by PP2A phosphatase. The phosphorylated form of PPP2R5B is required for bridging AKT1 with PP2A phosphatase. PTM: Ubiquitinated via 'Lys-48'-linked polyubiquitination by ZNRF1, leading to its degradation by the proteasome (By similarity). Ubiquitinated; undergoes both 'Lys-48'- and 'Lys-63'- linked polyubiquitination. TRAF6-induced 'Lys-63'-linked AKT1 ubiquitination is critical for phosphorylation and activation. When ubiquitinated, it translocates to the plasma membrane, where it becomes phosphorylated. When fully phosphorylated and translocated into the nucleus, undergoes 'Lys-48'- polyubiquitination catalyzed by TTC3, leading to its degradation by the proteasome. Also ubiquitinated by TRIM13 leading to its proteasomal degradation. PTM: Acetylated on Lys-14 and Lys-20 by the histone acetyltransferases EP300 and KAT2B. Acetylation results in reduced phosphorylation and inhibition of activity. Deacetylated at Lys-14 and Lys-20 by SIRT1. SIRT1-mediated deacetylation relieves the inhibition. DISEASE: Defects in AKT1 are a cause of susceptibility to breast cancer (BC) [MIM:114480]. A common malignancy originating from breast epithelial tissue. Breast neoplasms can be distinguished by their histologic pattern. Invasive ductal carcinoma is by far the most common type. Breast cancer is etiologically and genetically heterogeneous. Important genetic factors have been indicated by familial occurrence and bilateral involvement. Mutations at more than one locus can be involved in different families or even in the same case. DISEASE: Defects in AKT1 are associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) [MIM:114500]. DISEASE: Note=Genetic variations in AKT1 may play a role in susceptibility to ovarian cancer. DISEASE: Defects in AKT1 are a cause of Proteus syndrome (PROTEUSS) [MIM:176920]. A highly variable, severe disorder of asymmetric and disproportionate overgrowth of body parts, connective tissue nevi, epidermal nevi, dysregulated adipose tissue, and vascular malformations. Many features of Proteus syndrome overlap with other overgrowth syndromes. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. AGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. RAC subfamily. SIMILARITY: Contains 1 AGC-kinase C-terminal domain. SIMILARITY: Contains 1 PH domain. SIMILARITY: Contains 1 protein kinase domain. CAUTION: In light of strong homologies in the primary amino acid sequence, the 3 AKT kinases were long surmised to play redundant and overlapping roles. More recent studies has brought into question the redundancy within AKT kinase isoforms and instead pointed to isoform specific functions in different cellular events and diseases. AKT1 is more specifically involved in cellular survival pathways, by inhibiting apoptotic processes; whereas AKT2 is more specific for the insulin receptor signaling pathway. Moreover, while AKT1 and AKT2 are often implicated in many aspects of cellular transformation, the 2 isoforms act in a complementary opposing manner. The role of AKT3 is less clear, though it appears to be predominantly expressed in brain.
The RNAfold program from the Vienna RNA Package is used to perform the secondary structure predictions and folding calculations. The estimated folding energy is in kcal/mol. The more negative the energy, the more secondary structure the RNA is likely to have.
ModBase Predicted Comparative 3D Structure on P31749
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Orthologous Genes in Other Species
Orthologies between human, mouse, and rat are computed by taking the best BLASTP hit, and filtering out non-syntenic hits. For more distant species reciprocal-best BLASTP hits are used. Note that the absence of an ortholog in the table below may reflect incomplete annotations in the other species rather than a true absence of the orthologous gene.
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations with Structured Vocabulary
Molecular Function: GO:0000166 nucleotide binding GO:0004672 protein kinase activity GO:0004674 protein serine/threonine kinase activity GO:0004712 protein serine/threonine/tyrosine kinase activity GO:0005080 protein kinase C binding GO:0005515 protein binding GO:0005524 ATP binding GO:0005547 phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate binding GO:0016301 kinase activity GO:0016740 transferase activity GO:0019899 enzyme binding GO:0019901 protein kinase binding GO:0030235 nitric-oxide synthase regulator activity GO:0032794 GTPase activating protein binding GO:0042802 identical protein binding GO:0042803 protein homodimerization activity GO:0043325 phosphatidylinositol-3,4-bisphosphate binding GO:0051721 protein phosphatase 2A binding GO:0071889 14-3-3 protein binding
Biological Process: GO:0000060 protein import into nucleus, translocation GO:0001649 osteoblast differentiation GO:0001893 maternal placenta development GO:0001934 positive regulation of protein phosphorylation GO:0001938 positive regulation of endothelial cell proliferation GO:0005975 carbohydrate metabolic process GO:0005977 glycogen metabolic process GO:0005978 glycogen biosynthetic process GO:0005979 regulation of glycogen biosynthetic process GO:0006006 glucose metabolic process GO:0006412 translation GO:0006417 regulation of translation GO:0006464 cellular protein modification process GO:0006468 protein phosphorylation GO:0006469 negative regulation of protein kinase activity GO:0006809 nitric oxide biosynthetic process GO:0006915 apoptotic process GO:0006924 activation-induced cell death of T cells GO:0006954 inflammatory response GO:0006974 cellular response to DNA damage stimulus GO:0006979 response to oxidative stress GO:0007165 signal transduction GO:0007173 epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway GO:0007186 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway GO:0007249 I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling GO:0007275 multicellular organism development GO:0007281 germ cell development GO:0007399 nervous system development GO:0007568 aging GO:0008283 cell proliferation GO:0008284 positive regulation of cell proliferation GO:0008286 insulin receptor signaling pathway GO:0008637 apoptotic mitochondrial changes GO:0008643 carbohydrate transport GO:0009408 response to heat GO:0009725 response to hormone GO:0010033 response to organic substance GO:0010507 negative regulation of autophagy GO:0010628 positive regulation of gene expression GO:0010629 negative regulation of gene expression GO:0010748 negative regulation of plasma membrane long-chain fatty acid transport GO:0010763 positive regulation of fibroblast migration GO:0010765 positive regulation of sodium ion transport GO:0010907 positive regulation of glucose metabolic process GO:0010918 positive regulation of mitochondrial membrane potential GO:0010951 negative regulation of endopeptidase activity GO:0010975 regulation of neuron projection development GO:0014065 phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling GO:0016242 negative regulation of macroautophagy GO:0016310 phosphorylation GO:0016567 protein ubiquitination GO:0018105 peptidyl-serine phosphorylation GO:0018107 peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation GO:0019221 cytokine-mediated signaling pathway GO:0021510 spinal cord development GO:0030030 cell projection organization GO:0030154 cell differentiation GO:0030163 protein catabolic process GO:0030212 hyaluronan metabolic process GO:0030307 positive regulation of cell growth GO:0030334 regulation of cell migration GO:0031018 endocrine pancreas development GO:0031295 T cell costimulation GO:0031397 negative regulation of protein ubiquitination GO:0031641 regulation of myelination GO:0031659 positive regulation of cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity involved in G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle GO:0031663 lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway GO:0031929 TOR signaling GO:0031999 negative regulation of fatty acid beta-oxidation GO:0032079 positive regulation of endodeoxyribonuclease activity GO:0032091 negative regulation of protein binding GO:0032094 response to food GO:0032148 activation of protein kinase B activity GO:0032270 positive regulation of cellular protein metabolic process GO:0032287 peripheral nervous system myelin maintenance GO:0032436 positive regulation of proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process GO:0032869 cellular response to insulin stimulus GO:0032880 regulation of protein localization GO:0033138 positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation GO:0034405 response to fluid shear stress GO:0034614 cellular response to reactive oxygen species GO:0035556 intracellular signal transduction GO:0035655 interleukin-18-mediated signaling pathway GO:0035924 cellular response to vascular endothelial growth factor stimulus GO:0036294 cellular response to decreased oxygen levels GO:0038061 NIK/NF-kappaB signaling GO:0042593 glucose homeostasis GO:0042981 regulation of apoptotic process GO:0043065 positive regulation of apoptotic process GO:0043066 negative regulation of apoptotic process GO:0043154 negative regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process GO:0043276 anoikis GO:0043488 regulation of mRNA stability GO:0043491 protein kinase B signaling GO:0043536 positive regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell migration GO:0045429 positive regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process GO:0045600 positive regulation of fat cell differentiation GO:0045725 positive regulation of glycogen biosynthetic process GO:0045742 positive regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway GO:0045792 negative regulation of cell size GO:0045861 negative regulation of proteolysis GO:0045893 positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated GO:0045907 positive regulation of vasoconstriction GO:0045944 positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter GO:0046326 positive regulation of glucose import GO:0046329 negative regulation of JNK cascade GO:0046622 positive regulation of organ growth GO:0046777 protein autophosphorylation GO:0046889 positive regulation of lipid biosynthetic process GO:0048009 insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling pathway GO:0048661 positive regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation GO:0050999 regulation of nitric-oxide synthase activity GO:0051000 positive regulation of nitric-oxide synthase activity GO:0051091 positive regulation of sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity GO:0051146 striated muscle cell differentiation GO:0051186 cofactor metabolic process GO:0051898 negative regulation of protein kinase B signaling GO:0060079 excitatory postsynaptic potential GO:0060416 response to growth hormone GO:0060644 mammary gland epithelial cell differentiation GO:0060709 glycogen cell differentiation involved in embryonic placenta development GO:0060716 labyrinthine layer blood vessel development GO:0070141 response to UV-A GO:0071260 cellular response to mechanical stimulus GO:0071276 cellular response to cadmium ion GO:0071356 cellular response to tumor necrosis factor GO:0071363 cellular response to growth factor stimulus GO:0071364 cellular response to epidermal growth factor stimulus GO:0071380 cellular response to prostaglandin E stimulus GO:0071407 cellular response to organic cyclic compound GO:0071456 cellular response to hypoxia GO:0071901 negative regulation of protein serine/threonine kinase activity GO:0072655 establishment of protein localization to mitochondrion GO:0072656 maintenance of protein location in mitochondrion GO:0090201 negative regulation of release of cytochrome c from mitochondria GO:0097011 cellular response to granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor stimulus GO:0097194 execution phase of apoptosis GO:0100002 negative regulation of protein kinase activity by protein phosphorylation GO:1900182 positive regulation of protein localization to nucleus GO:1901215 negative regulation of neuron death GO:1901653 cellular response to peptide GO:1901796 regulation of signal transduction by p53 class mediator GO:1902176 negative regulation of oxidative stress-induced intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway GO:1903078 positive regulation of protein localization to plasma membrane GO:1903721 positive regulation of I-kappaB phosphorylation GO:1990090 cellular response to nerve growth factor stimulus GO:1990418 response to insulin-like growth factor stimulus GO:2000010 positive regulation of protein localization to cell surface GO:2001240 negative regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in absence of ligand
BX648205 - Homo sapiens mRNA; cDNA DKFZp686K13249 (from clone DKFZp686K13249). FW399331 - NUCLEIC ACID COMPOUNDS FOR INHIBITING AKT GENE EXPRESSION AND USES THEREOF. BC000479 - Homo sapiens v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 1, mRNA (cDNA clone MGC:8686 IMAGE:2964603), complete cds. BC084538 - Homo sapiens v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 1, mRNA (cDNA clone MGC:99656 IMAGE:6645486), complete cds. FW399332 - NUCLEIC ACID COMPOUNDS FOR INHIBITING AKT GENE EXPRESSION AND USES THEREOF. FW399333 - NUCLEIC ACID COMPOUNDS FOR INHIBITING AKT GENE EXPRESSION AND USES THEREOF. AK122894 - Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ16549 fis, clone PLACE7003657, highly similar to RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase (EC 2.7.11.1). M63167 - Human rac protein kinase alpha mRNA, complete cds. EU832491 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone HAIB:100067520; DKFZo008E0929 v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 1 protein (AKT1) gene, encodes complete protein. EU832571 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone HAIB:100067600; DKFZo004E0930 v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 1 protein (AKT1) gene, encodes complete protein. AK314256 - Homo sapiens cDNA, FLJ95003, Homo sapiens v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 1 (AKT1),mRNA. KJ890652 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone ccsbBroadEn_00046 AKT1 gene, encodes complete protein. KJ905141 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone ccsbBroadEn_14538 AKT1 gene, encodes complete protein. KR710120 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone CCSBHm_00009883 AKT1 (AKT1) mRNA, encodes complete protein. AB451242 - Homo sapiens AKT1 mRNA for v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 1, complete cds, clone: FLJ08041AAAN. AB451367 - Homo sapiens AKT1 mRNA for v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 1, partial cds, clone: FLJ08041AAAF. KU177898 - Homo sapiens v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene-like protein 1 isoform 1 (AKT1) mRNA, partial cds. KU177899 - Homo sapiens v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene-like protein 1 isoform 2 (AKT1) mRNA, complete cds, alternatively spliced. AB463340 - Synthetic construct DNA, clone: pF1KB5680, Homo sapiens AKT1 gene for v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 1, without stop codon, in Flexi system. CU674236 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens gateway clone IMAGE:100018336 5' read AKT1 mRNA. KF836747 - Homo sapiens AKT1m transcript variant 1 (AKT1) mRNA, 5' UTR and partial cds. KF836748 - Homo sapiens AKT1m transcript variant 2 (AKT1) mRNA, 5' UTR and partial cds. KF836749 - Homo sapiens AKT1m transcript variant 3 (AKT1) mRNA, 5' UTR and partial cds. KF836750 - Homo sapiens AKT1m transcript variant 4 (AKT1) mRNA, 5' UTR and partial cds. BC001737 - Homo sapiens, clone IMAGE:3354010, mRNA, partial cds. AK094287 - Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ36968 fis, clone BRACE2006105. AK131465 - Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ16631 fis, clone TESTI4021482. AK127193 - Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ45258 fis, clone BRHIP2019884, highly similar to RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase (EC 2.7.11.1). JD329707 - Sequence 310731 from Patent EP1572962. JD402074 - Sequence 383098 from Patent EP1572962. JD099210 - Sequence 80234 from Patent EP1572962. JD073445 - Sequence 54469 from Patent EP1572962. JD482375 - Sequence 463399 from Patent EP1572962. JD249208 - Sequence 230232 from Patent EP1572962. JD226294 - Sequence 207318 from Patent EP1572962. JD449304 - Sequence 430328 from Patent EP1572962. JD307821 - Sequence 288845 from Patent EP1572962. AK299310 - Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ53606 complete cds, highly similar to RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase (EC 2.7.11.1). JD498438 - Sequence 479462 from Patent EP1572962. JD076408 - Sequence 57432 from Patent EP1572962. JD462696 - Sequence 443720 from Patent EP1572962. X61037 - H.sapiens mRNA for protein kinase B. BX647722 - Homo sapiens mRNA; cDNA DKFZp686M0424 (from clone DKFZp686M0424). JD026698 - Sequence 7722 from Patent EP1572962. JD035230 - Sequence 16254 from Patent EP1572962. BC063408 - Homo sapiens v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 1, mRNA (cDNA clone IMAGE:5212292). JD480746 - Sequence 461770 from Patent EP1572962. JD455368 - Sequence 436392 from Patent EP1572962. JD445287 - Sequence 426311 from Patent EP1572962. JD400586 - Sequence 381610 from Patent EP1572962. JD491543 - Sequence 472567 from Patent EP1572962. JD138546 - Sequence 119570 from Patent EP1572962. JD386290 - Sequence 367314 from Patent EP1572962.
Biochemical and Signaling Pathways
BioCarta from NCI Cancer Genome Anatomy Project h_aktPathway - AKT Signaling Pathway h_chemicalPathway - Apoptotic Signaling in Response to DNA Damage h_hdacPathway - Control of skeletal myogenesis by HDAC & calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase (CaMK) h_mTORPathway - mTOR Signaling Pathway h_nfatPathway - NFAT and Hypertrophy of the heart (Transcription in the broken heart) h_igf1mtorpathway - Skeletal muscle hypertrophy is regulated via AKT/mTOR pathway h_il4Pathway - IL 4 signaling pathway h_telPathway - Telomeres, Telomerase, Cellular Aging, and Immortality h_gsk3Pathway - Inactivation of Gsk3 by AKT causes accumulation of b-catenin in Alveolar Macrophages h_trkaPathway - Trka Receptor Signaling Pathway h_achPathway - Role of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the regulation of apoptosis h_erk5Pathway - Role of Erk5 in Neuronal Survival h_RacCycDPathway - Influence of Ras and Rho proteins on G1 to S Transition h_edg1Pathway - Phospholipids as signalling intermediaries h_no1Pathway - Actions of Nitric Oxide in the Heart h_p53hypoxiaPathway - Hypoxia and p53 in the Cardiovascular system h_plcPathway - Phospholipase C Signaling Pathway h_bcellsurvivalPathway - B Cell Survival Pathway h_eif4Pathway - Regulation of eIF4e and p70 S6 Kinase h_hcmvPathway - Human Cytomegalovirus and Map Kinase Pathways h_igf1rPathway - Multiple antiapoptotic pathways from IGF-1R signaling lead to BAD phosphorylation h_rasPathway - Ras Signaling Pathway h_crebPathway - Transcription factor CREB and its extracellular signals h_gcrPathway - Corticosteroids and cardioprotection h_longevityPathway - The IGF-1 Receptor and Longevity h_ptenPathway - PTEN dependent cell cycle arrest and apoptosis h_tffPathway - Trefoil Factors Initiate Mucosal Healing h_badPathway - Regulation of BAD phosphorylation h_gleevecpathway - Inhibition of Cellular Proliferation by Gleevec h_il2rbPathway - IL-2 Receptor Beta Chain in T cell Activation h_ptdinsPathway - Phosphoinositides and their downstream targets.
Reactome (by CSHL, EBI, and GO)
Protein P31749 (Reactome details) participates in the following event(s):
US Server
Sequence and Links to Tools and Databases 
Common Gene Haplotype Alleles 
