ID:ATG3_HUMAN DESCRIPTION: RecName: Full=Ubiquitin-like-conjugating enzyme ATG3; EC=6.3.2.-; AltName: Full=Autophagy-related protein 3; Short=APG3-like; Short=hApg3; AltName: Full=Protein PC3-96; FUNCTION: E2-like enzyme involved in autophagy and mitochondrial homeostasis. Catalyzes the conjugation of ATG8-like proteins (GABARAP, GABARAPL1, GABARAPL2 or MAP1LC3A) to phosphatidylethanolamine (PE). PE-conjugation to ATG8-like proteins is essential for autophagy. Preferred substrate is MAP1LC3A. Also acts as an autocatalytic E2-like enzyme, catalyzing the conjugation of ATG12 to itself, ATG12 conjugation to ATG3 playing a role in mitochondrial homeostasis but not in autophagy. ATG7 (E1-like enzyme) facilitates this reaction by forming an E1- E2 complex with ATG3. SUBUNIT: Interacts with ATG7 and ATG12. The complex, composed of ATG3 and ATG7, plays a role in the conjugation of ATG12 to ATG5. Interacts with FNBP1L. INTERACTION: O95166:GABARAP; NbExp=5; IntAct=EBI-988094, EBI-712001; Q9H0R8:GABARAPL1; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-988094, EBI-746969; P60520:GABARAPL2; NbExp=4; IntAct=EBI-988094, EBI-720116; Q9GZQ8:MAP1LC3B; NbExp=7; IntAct=EBI-988094, EBI-373144; Q7Z6L1:TECPR1; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-988094, EBI-2946676; SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Widely expressed, with a highest expression in heart, skeletal muscle, kidney, liver and placenta. PTM: Conjugated to ATG12 at Lys-243. ATG12-conjugation plays a role in regulation of mitochondrial homeostasis and cell death, while it is not involved in PE-conjugation to ATG8-like proteins and autophagy (By similarity). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ATG3 family. SEQUENCE CAUTION: Sequence=BAB15237.1; Type=Erroneous initiation;
The RNAfold program from the Vienna RNA Package is used to perform the secondary structure predictions and folding calculations. The estimated folding energy is in kcal/mol. The more negative the energy, the more secondary structure the RNA is likely to have.
ModBase Predicted Comparative 3D Structure on Q9NT62
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Orthologous Genes in Other Species
Orthologies between human, mouse, and rat are computed by taking the best BLASTP hit, and filtering out non-syntenic hits. For more distant species reciprocal-best BLASTP hits are used. Note that the absence of an ortholog in the table below may reflect incomplete annotations in the other species rather than a true absence of the orthologous gene.
US Server
Sequence and Links to Tools and Databases 
Common Gene Haplotype Alleles 
