Human Gene CCL4 (ENST00000615863.2_4) from GENCODE V47lift37
  Description: C-C motif chemokine ligand 4 (from RefSeq NM_002984.4)
Gencode Transcript: ENST00000615863.2_4
Gencode Gene: ENSG00000275302.2_7
Transcript (Including UTRs)
   Position: hg19 chr17:34,431,220-34,433,007 Size: 1,788 Total Exon Count: 3 Strand: +
Coding Region
   Position: hg19 chr17:34,431,299-34,432,705 Size: 1,407 Coding Exon Count: 3 

Page IndexSequence and LinksUniProtKB CommentsPrimersMalaCardsCTD
Gene AllelesMicroarray ExpressionRNA StructureProtein StructureOther SpeciesGO Annotations
mRNA DescriptionsPathwaysOther NamesModel InformationMethods
Data last updated at UCSC: 2024-08-22 23:36:26

-  Sequence and Links to Tools and Databases
 
Genomic Sequence (chr17:34,431,220-34,433,007)mRNA (may differ from genome)Protein (92 aa)
Gene SorterGenome BrowserOther Species FASTAVisiGeneGene interactionsTable Schema
AlphaFoldBioGPSEnsemblEntrez GeneExonPrimerGeneCards
HGNCMalacardsMGIOMIMPubMedReactome
UniProtKBWikipediaBioGrid CRISPR DB

-  Comments and Description Text from UniProtKB
  ID: CCL4_HUMAN
DESCRIPTION: RecName: Full=C-C motif chemokine 4; AltName: Full=G-26 T-lymphocyte-secreted protein; AltName: Full=HC21; AltName: Full=Lymphocyte activation gene 1 protein; Short=LAG-1; AltName: Full=MIP-1-beta(1-69); AltName: Full=Macrophage inflammatory protein 1-beta; Short=MIP-1-beta; AltName: Full=PAT 744; AltName: Full=Protein H400; AltName: Full=SIS-gamma; AltName: Full=Small-inducible cytokine A4; AltName: Full=T-cell activation protein 2; Short=ACT-2; Contains: RecName: Full=MIP-1-beta(3-69); Flags: Precursor;
FUNCTION: Monokine with inflammatory and chemokinetic properties. Binds to CCR5. One of the major HIV-suppressive factors produced by CD8+ T-cells. Recombinant MIP-1-beta induces a dose-dependent inhibition of different strains of HIV-1, HIV-2, and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV). The processed form MIP-1-beta(3-69) retains the abilities to induce down-modulation of surface expression of the chemokine receptor CCR5 and to inhibit the CCR5- mediated entry of HIV-1 in T-cells. MIP-1-beta(3-69) is also a ligand for CCR1 and CCR2 isoform B.
SUBUNIT: Homodimer and heterodimer of MIP-1-alpha(4-69) and MIP-1- beta(3-69).
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted.
INDUCTION: By mitogens.
PTM: N-terminal processed form MIP-1-beta(3-69) is produced by proteolytic cleavage after secretion from peripheral blood lymphocytes.
SIMILARITY: Belongs to the intercrine beta (chemokine CC) family.
CAUTION: Was originally (PubMed:9521068) thought to be a ligand for CCR8.
WEB RESOURCE: Name=Wikipedia; Note=Macrophage inflammatory protein entry; URL="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macrophage_Inflammatory_Protein";

-  Primer design for this transcript
 

Primer3Plus can design qPCR Primers that straddle exon-exon-junctions, which amplify only cDNA, not genomic DNA.
Click here to load the transcript sequence and exon structure into Primer3Plus

Exonprimer can design one pair of Sanger sequencing primers around every exon, located in non-genic sequence.
Click here to open Exonprimer with this transcript

To design primers for a non-coding sequence, zoom to a region of interest and select from the drop-down menu: View > In External Tools > Primer3


-  MalaCards Disease Associations
  MalaCards Gene Search: CCL4
Diseases sorted by gene-association score: meningitis (3), whiplash (3), demyelinating disease (3), viral infectious disease (3), stachybotrys chartarum (2), omsk hemorrhagic fever (2), multicentric castleman disease (2), malaria (2), human immunodeficiency virus infectious disease (2), pulmonary fibrosis, idiopathic (2), necatoriasis (1), acute cervicitis (1), hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (1), japanese spotted fever (1), chronic nk-cell lymphocytosis (1)

-  Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD)
  The following chemicals interact with this gene           more ... click here to view the complete list

+  Common Gene Haplotype Alleles
  Press "+" in the title bar above to open this section.

+  Microarray Expression Data
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-  mRNA Secondary Structure of 3' and 5' UTRs
 
RegionFold EnergyBasesEnergy/Base
Display As
5' UTR -14.3079-0.181 Picture PostScript Text
3' UTR -69.40302-0.230 Picture PostScript Text

The RNAfold program from the Vienna RNA Package is used to perform the secondary structure predictions and folding calculations. The estimated folding energy is in kcal/mol. The more negative the energy, the more secondary structure the RNA is likely to have.

-  Protein Domain and Structure Information
  InterPro Domains: Graphical view of domain structure
IPR000827 - Chemokine_CC_CS
IPR001811 - Chemokine_IL8-like_dom

Pfam Domains:
PF00048 - Small cytokines (intecrine/chemokine), interleukin-8 like

SCOP Domains:
54117 - Interleukin 8-like chemokines

Protein Data Bank (PDB) 3-D Structure
MuPIT help
1HUM - NMR MuPIT 1HUN - NMR MuPIT 1JE4 - NMR MuPIT 2FFK - NMR MuPIT 2FIN - NMR MuPIT 2X6L - X-ray 3TN2 - X-ray


ModBase Predicted Comparative 3D Structure on P13236
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The pictures above may be empty if there is no ModBase structure for the protein. The ModBase structure frequently covers just a fragment of the protein. You may be asked to log onto ModBase the first time you click on the pictures. It is simplest after logging in to just click on the picture again to get to the specific info on that model.

-  Orthologous Genes in Other Species
  Orthologies between human, mouse, and rat are computed by taking the best BLASTP hit, and filtering out non-syntenic hits. For more distant species reciprocal-best BLASTP hits are used. Note that the absence of an ortholog in the table below may reflect incomplete annotations in the other species rather than a true absence of the orthologous gene.
MouseRatZebrafishD. melanogasterC. elegansS. cerevisiae
No orthologNo orthologNo orthologNo orthologNo orthologNo ortholog
Gene DetailsGene Details    
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-  Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations with Structured Vocabulary
  Molecular Function:
GO:0005125 cytokine activity
GO:0005515 protein binding
GO:0008009 chemokine activity
GO:0031726 CCR1 chemokine receptor binding
GO:0031730 CCR5 chemokine receptor binding
GO:0042802 identical protein binding

Biological Process:
GO:0002548 monocyte chemotaxis
GO:0006935 chemotaxis
GO:0006954 inflammatory response
GO:0006955 immune response
GO:0007155 cell adhesion
GO:0007163 establishment or maintenance of cell polarity
GO:0007165 signal transduction
GO:0007186 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway
GO:0007267 cell-cell signaling
GO:0009615 response to virus
GO:0009636 response to toxic substance
GO:0010469 regulation of receptor activity
GO:0019221 cytokine-mediated signaling pathway
GO:0030593 neutrophil chemotaxis
GO:0043547 positive regulation of GTPase activity
GO:0043922 negative regulation by host of viral transcription
GO:0050850 positive regulation of calcium-mediated signaling
GO:0051928 positive regulation of calcium ion transport
GO:0070098 chemokine-mediated signaling pathway
GO:0070374 positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade
GO:0071346 cellular response to interferon-gamma
GO:0071347 cellular response to interleukin-1
GO:0071356 cellular response to tumor necrosis factor
GO:2000503 positive regulation of natural killer cell chemotaxis

Cellular Component:
GO:0005576 extracellular region
GO:0005615 extracellular space


-  Descriptions from all associated GenBank mRNAs
  AY766446 - Homo sapiens CC chemokine ligand 4 (CCL4) mRNA, complete cds, alternatively spliced.
AY766448 - Homo sapiens CC chemokine ligand 4d2 (CCL4) mRNA, complete cds, alternatively spliced.
J04130 - Human activation (Act-2) mRNA, complete cds.
JD317863 - Sequence 298887 from Patent EP1572962.
M23502 - Homo sapiens secreted T cell protein (H400; SIS-gamma) mRNA, complete cds.
BC107433 - Homo sapiens chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 4, mRNA (cDNA clone MGC:104418 IMAGE:6727378), complete cds.
BC104226 - Homo sapiens chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 4, mRNA (cDNA clone MGC:126025 IMAGE:40032168), complete cds.
BC104227 - Homo sapiens chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 4, mRNA (cDNA clone MGC:126026 IMAGE:40032172), complete cds.
M25316 - Homo sapiens (clone pAT 744) potential lymphokine/cytokine mRNA, complete cds.
X53683 - Human LAG-1 mRNA.
BC027961 - Homo sapiens chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 4, mRNA (cDNA clone IMAGE:5223141), with apparent retained intron.
JD260091 - Sequence 241115 from Patent EP1572962.
JD311045 - Sequence 292069 from Patent EP1572962.
X16166 - Human mRNA for putative cytokine 21 (HC21).
JD306887 - Sequence 287911 from Patent EP1572962.
AY312578 - Homo sapiens chemokine C-C motif ligand 4 (CCL4) mRNA, complete cds, alternatively spliced.
KJ901726 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone ccsbBroadEn_11120 CCL4 gene, encodes complete protein.
KJ901727 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone ccsbBroadEn_11121 CCL4 gene, encodes complete protein.
CR542119 - Homo sapiens full open reading frame cDNA clone RZPDo834D0323D for gene CCL4, chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 4; complete cds, incl. stopcodon.
M57503 - Human secreted protein G-26 mRNA, 3' end.
JD103635 - Sequence 84659 from Patent EP1572962.
JD251356 - Sequence 232380 from Patent EP1572962.
JD484288 - Sequence 465312 from Patent EP1572962.
JD516669 - Sequence 497693 from Patent EP1572962.
JD181752 - Sequence 162776 from Patent EP1572962.
JD053344 - Sequence 34368 from Patent EP1572962.

-  Biochemical and Signaling Pathways
  BioCarta from NCI Cancer Genome Anatomy Project
h_Ccr5Pathway - Pertussis toxin-insensitive CCR5 Signaling in Macrophage
h_nktPathway - Selective expression of chemokine receptors during T-cell polarization

Reactome (by CSHL, EBI, and GO)

Protein P13236 (Reactome details) participates in the following event(s):

R-HSA-749454 The Ligand:GPCR:Gi complex dissociates
R-HSA-749456 Liganded Gi-activating GPCRs bind inactive heterotrimeric G-protein Gi
R-HSA-380073 Liganded Gi-activating GPCR acts as a GEF for Gi
R-HSA-6783783 Interleukin-10 signaling
R-HSA-449147 Signaling by Interleukins
R-HSA-418594 G alpha (i) signalling events
R-HSA-1280215 Cytokine Signaling in Immune system
R-HSA-388396 GPCR downstream signalling
R-HSA-168256 Immune System
R-HSA-372790 Signaling by GPCR
R-HSA-162582 Signal Transduction

-  Other Names for This Gene
  Alternate Gene Symbols: CCL4_HUMAN, ENST00000615863.1, LAG1, MIP1B, NM_002984, P13236, P22617, Q13704, Q3SXL8, Q6FGI8, SCYA4, uc327qdc.1, uc327qdc.2
UCSC ID: ENST00000615863.2_4
RefSeq Accession: NM_002984.4
Protein: P13236 (aka CCL4_HUMAN)

-  Gene Model Information
  Click here for a detailed description of the fields of the table above.

-  Methods, Credits, and Use Restrictions
  Click here for details on how this gene model was made and data restrictions if any.