ID:CD19_HUMAN DESCRIPTION: RecName: Full=B-lymphocyte antigen CD19; AltName: Full=B-lymphocyte surface antigen B4; AltName: Full=Differentiation antigen CD19; AltName: Full=T-cell surface antigen Leu-12; AltName: CD_antigen=CD19; Flags: Precursor; FUNCTION: Assembles with the antigen receptor of B-lymphocytes in order to decrease the threshold for antigen receptor-dependent stimulation. SUBUNIT: Forms a complex with CD21, CD81 and CD225 in the membrane of mature B-cells. Interacts with VAV. Interacts with GRB2 and SOS when phosphorylated on Tyr-348 and/or Tyr-378. Interacts with PLCG2 when phosphorylated on Tyr-409. Interacts with LYN. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein. PTM: Phosphorylated on serine and threonine upon DNA damage, probably by ATM or ATR. Phosphorylated on tyrosine following B- cell activation. Phosphorylated on tyrosine residues by LYN. DISEASE: Defects in CD19 are the cause of immunodeficiency common variable type 3 (CVID3) [MIM:613493]; also called antibody deficiency due to CD19 defect. CVID3 is a primary immunodeficiency characterized by antibody deficiency, hypogammaglobulinemia, recurrent bacterial infections and an inability to mount an antibody response to antigen. The defect results from a failure of B-cell differentiation and impaired secretion of immunoglobulins; the numbers of circulating B-cells is usually in the normal range, but can be low. SIMILARITY: Contains 2 Ig-like C2-type (immunoglobulin-like) domains. SEQUENCE CAUTION: Sequence=AAA35533.1; Type=Frameshift; Positions=396; WEB RESOURCE: Name=CD19base; Note=CD19 mutation db; URL="http://bioinf.uta.fi/CD19base/"; WEB RESOURCE: Name=GeneReviews; URL="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/GeneTests/lab/gene/CD19";
The RNAfold program from the Vienna RNA Package is used to perform the secondary structure predictions and folding calculations. The estimated folding energy is in kcal/mol. The more negative the energy, the more secondary structure the RNA is likely to have.
ModBase Predicted Comparative 3D Structure on P15391
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Orthologous Genes in Other Species
Orthologies between human, mouse, and rat are computed by taking the best BLASTP hit, and filtering out non-syntenic hits. For more distant species reciprocal-best BLASTP hits are used. Note that the absence of an ortholog in the table below may reflect incomplete annotations in the other species rather than a true absence of the orthologous gene.
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations with Structured Vocabulary
Molecular Function: GO:0005057 signal transducer activity, downstream of receptor GO:0005515 protein binding GO:0046934 phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase activity
Biological Process: GO:0006968 cellular defense response GO:0007166 cell surface receptor signaling pathway GO:0030449 regulation of complement activation GO:0046854 phosphatidylinositol phosphorylation GO:0050776 regulation of immune response GO:0050853 B cell receptor signaling pathway GO:0051281 positive regulation of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol GO:0051897 positive regulation of protein kinase B signaling
BC006338 - Homo sapiens CD19 molecule, mRNA (cDNA clone MGC:12802 IMAGE:4054919), complete cds. AK301363 - Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ60916 complete cds, highly similar to B-lymphocyte antigen CD19 precursor. AK313577 - Homo sapiens cDNA, FLJ94141. BC052294 - Homo sapiens CD19 molecule, mRNA (cDNA clone IMAGE:6301752), with apparent retained intron. M21097 - Human differentiation antigen (CD19) mRNA, complete cds. X13312 - H.sapiens RNA for CD19. AK307295 - Homo sapiens cDNA, FLJ97243. M28170 - Human cell surface protein CD19 (CD19) gene, complete cds. JD439007 - Sequence 420031 from Patent EP1572962. DQ893016 - Synthetic construct clone IMAGE:100005646; FLH191702.01X; RZPDo839G0177D CD19 molecule (CD19) gene, encodes complete protein. DQ896261 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone IMAGE:100010721; FLH191698.01L; RZPDo839G0167D CD19 molecule (CD19) gene, encodes complete protein. KJ890856 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone ccsbBroadEn_00250 CD19 gene, encodes complete protein. AK130657 - Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ27147 fis, clone SPL09574, highly similar to B-lymphocyte antigen CD19 precursor. AK301167 - Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ61427 complete cds, highly similar to B-lymphocyte antigen CD19 precursor. AK304456 - Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ54955 complete cds, highly similar to B-lymphocyte antigen CD19 precursor. JD252903 - Sequence 233927 from Patent EP1572962. JD419747 - Sequence 400771 from Patent EP1572962. MP541156 - Sequence 117 from Patent WO2020047164.
Biochemical and Signaling Pathways
Reactome (by CSHL, EBI, and GO)
Protein P15391 (Reactome details) participates in the following event(s):
R-HSA-199518 C3d-complexed antigen binds to complement receptor R-HSA-8853252 CR2:C3d,C3dg,iC3b binds CD19:CD81 R-HSA-2076220 CD19 Signalosome phosphorylates PI(4,5)P2 forming PI(3,4,5)P3 R-HSA-2400009 PI3K inhibitors block PI3K catalytic activity R-HSA-2316434 PI3K phosphorylates PIP2 to PIP3 R-HSA-198933 Immunoregulatory interactions between a Lymphoid and a non-Lymphoid cell R-HSA-983695 Antigen activates B Cell Receptor (BCR) leading to generation of second messengers R-HSA-977606 Regulation of Complement cascade R-HSA-1280218 Adaptive Immune System R-HSA-983705 Signaling by the B Cell Receptor (BCR) R-HSA-166658 Complement cascade R-HSA-168256 Immune System R-HSA-168249 Innate Immune System R-HSA-2219530 Constitutive Signaling by Aberrant PI3K in Cancer R-HSA-1257604 PIP3 activates AKT signaling R-HSA-6811558 PI5P, PP2A and IER3 Regulate PI3K/AKT Signaling R-HSA-2219528 PI3K/AKT Signaling in Cancer R-HSA-9006925 Intracellular signaling by second messengers R-HSA-199418 Negative regulation of the PI3K/AKT network R-HSA-5663202 Diseases of signal transduction R-HSA-162582 Signal Transduction R-HSA-1643685 Disease
US Server
Sequence and Links to Tools and Databases 
Common Gene Haplotype Alleles 
