ID:COMT_HUMAN DESCRIPTION: RecName: Full=Catechol O-methyltransferase; EC=2.1.1.6; FUNCTION: Catalyzes the O-methylation, and thereby the inactivation, of catecholamine neurotransmitters and catechol hormones. Also shortens the biological half-lives of certain neuroactive drugs, like L-DOPA, alpha-methyl DOPA and isoproterenol. CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + a catechol = S- adenosyl-L-homocysteine + a guaiacol. COFACTOR: Binds 1 magnesium ion per subunit. INTERACTION: Q9H0D6:XRN2; NbExp=1; IntAct=EBI-372265, EBI-372110; SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Isoform Soluble: Cytoplasm. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Isoform Membrane-bound: Cell membrane; Single-pass type II membrane protein; Extracellular side. TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Brain, liver, placenta, lymphocytes and erythrocytes. PTM: The N-terminus is blocked. MASS SPECTROMETRY: Mass=24352; Mass_error=2; Method=Electrospray; Range=52-271; Source=PubMed:8020475; POLYMORPHISM: Two alleles, COMT*1 or COMT*H with Val-158 and COMT*2 or COMT*L with Met-158 are responsible for a three to four- fold difference in enzymatic activity. POLYMORPHISM: Low enzyme activity alleles are associated with genetic susceptibility to alcoholism [MIM:103780]. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the mammalian catechol-O-methyltransferase family. WEB RESOURCE: Name=NIEHS-SNPs; URL="http://egp.gs.washington.edu/data/comt/"; WEB RESOURCE: Name=Wikipedia; Note=Catechol-O-methyl transferase entry; URL="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catechol-O-methyl_transferase";
The RNAfold program from the Vienna RNA Package is used to perform the secondary structure predictions and folding calculations. The estimated folding energy is in kcal/mol. The more negative the energy, the more secondary structure the RNA is likely to have.
ModBase Predicted Comparative 3D Structure on P21964
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Orthologous Genes in Other Species
Orthologies between human, mouse, and rat are computed by taking the best BLASTP hit, and filtering out non-syntenic hits. For more distant species reciprocal-best BLASTP hits are used. Note that the absence of an ortholog in the table below may reflect incomplete annotations in the other species rather than a true absence of the orthologous gene.
Biological Process: GO:0006584 catecholamine metabolic process GO:0007565 female pregnancy GO:0007612 learning GO:0007614 short-term memory GO:0008210 estrogen metabolic process GO:0009712 catechol-containing compound metabolic process GO:0014070 response to organic cyclic compound GO:0016036 cellular response to phosphate starvation GO:0032259 methylation GO:0032496 response to lipopolysaccharide GO:0032502 developmental process GO:0035814 negative regulation of renal sodium excretion GO:0042135 neurotransmitter catabolic process GO:0042417 dopamine metabolic process GO:0042420 dopamine catabolic process GO:0042424 catecholamine catabolic process GO:0042493 response to drug GO:0043627 response to estrogen GO:0045963 negative regulation of dopamine metabolic process GO:0048265 response to pain GO:0048609 multicellular organismal reproductive process GO:0048662 negative regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation GO:0050668 positive regulation of homocysteine metabolic process GO:0051930 regulation of sensory perception of pain
Protein P21964 (Reactome details) participates in the following event(s):
R-HSA-175983 COMT transfer CH3 from AdoMet to 3,4DHBNZ R-HSA-379387 methylation of Dopamine to form 3-Methoxytyramine R-HSA-379464 Methylation of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid to homovanillic acid R-HSA-156581 Methylation R-HSA-379397 Enzymatic degradation of dopamine by COMT R-HSA-379398 Enzymatic degradation of Dopamine by monoamine oxidase R-HSA-156580 Phase II - Conjugation of compounds R-HSA-379401 Dopamine clearance from the synaptic cleft R-HSA-211859 Biological oxidations R-HSA-112311 Neurotransmitter clearance R-HSA-1430728 Metabolism R-HSA-112315 Transmission across Chemical Synapses R-HSA-112316 Neuronal System
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Sequence and Links to Tools and Databases 
Common Gene Haplotype Alleles 
