ID:COPB_HUMAN DESCRIPTION: RecName: Full=Coatomer subunit beta; AltName: Full=Beta-coat protein; Short=Beta-COP; FUNCTION: The coatomer is a cytosolic protein complex that binds to dilysine motifs and reversibly associates with Golgi non- clathrin-coated vesicles, which further mediate biosynthetic protein transport from the ER, via the Golgi up to the trans Golgi network. Coatomer complex is required for budding from Golgi membranes, and is essential for the retrograde Golgi-to-ER transport of dilysine-tagged proteins. In mammals, the coatomer can only be recruited by membranes associated to ADP-ribosylation factors (ARFs), which are small GTP-binding proteins; the complex also influences the Golgi structural integrity, as well as the processing, activity, and endocytic recycling of LDL receptors. Plays a functional role in facilitating the transport of kappa- type opioid receptor mRNAs into axons and enhances translation of these proteins. Required for limiting lipid storage in lipid droplets. Involved in lipid homeostasis by regulating the presence of perilipin family members PLIN2 and PLIN3 at the lipid droplet surface and promoting the association of adipocyte surface triglyceride lipase (PNPLA2) with the lipid droplet to mediate lipolysis (By similarity). Involved in the Golgi disassembly and reassembly processes during cell cycle. Involved in autophagy by playing a role in early endosome function. Plays a role in organellar compartmentalization of secretory compartments including endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-Golgi intermediate compartment (ERGIC), Golgi, trans-Golgi network (TGN) and recycling endosomes, and in biosynthetic transport of CAV1. Promotes degradation of Nef cellular targets CD4 and MHC class I antigens by facilitating their trafficking to degradative compartments. SUBUNIT: Oligomeric complex that consists of at least the alpha, beta, beta', gamma, delta, epsilon and zeta subunits. Interacts (via C-terminus) with HIV-1 Nef; the interaction is direct. Interacts with SCYL1. Interacts with COPG1. Interacts (via trunk domain) with ARF1 (via switch I region); the interaction is direct. Interacts with KCNK2/TREK (via N-terminus); this interaction increases the channel-mediated whole cell currents and promotes plasma membrane expression of KCNK2/TREK. Interacts with anthrax lethal factor (LF); this interaction may facilitate endosomal vesicle membrane translocation of LF and its release from the lumen of endosomal vesicles to external milieu. Interacts with CAPN8 and PRKCE (By similarity). Interacts with ARF1 (myristoylated); this interaction is required for binding of COPB1 to Golgi membranes (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. Golgi apparatus membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side. Cytoplasmic vesicle, COPI-coated vesicle membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side. Cell membrane. Endoplasmic reticulum- Golgi intermediate compartment. Note=The coatomer is cytoplasmic or polymerized on the cytoplasmic side of the Golgi, as well as on the vesicles/buds originating from it. Proteolytic cleavage by CAPN8 triggers translocation from Golgi to cytoplasm (By similarity). Found in perinuclear vesicular-tubular clusters (VTCs) and in the Golgi region where associated with vesicles, buds and rims of the Golgi stack (By similarity). Occasionally present at the trans-side of Golgi, but mainly present at the cis- Golgi side in transitional areas (TA), on so-called peripheral elements (PE) consisting of tubules and vesicles located between the cup-shaped transitional elements (TE) of the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) and the cis-most Golgi cisternae (By similarity). Present in cytoplasm, not associated with visible coats or membranes, with a minor fraction present on small clusters of tubules and vesicles (By similarity). Some association with high- density and low-density microsomes and mitochondria/nuclei fraction (By similarity). Very little found in plasma membrane fraction (By similarity). PTM: Proteolytically cleaved between Ser-528 and Ser-529 by CAPN8 (By similarity). MISCELLANEOUS: Brefeldin A induces dissociation from the Golgi of the beta-COP and presumably the other coatomer subunits. SIMILARITY: Contains 6 HEAT repeats.
The RNAfold program from the Vienna RNA Package is used to perform the secondary structure predictions and folding calculations. The estimated folding energy is in kcal/mol. The more negative the energy, the more secondary structure the RNA is likely to have.
ModBase Predicted Comparative 3D Structure on P53618
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Orthologous Genes in Other Species
Orthologies between human, mouse, and rat are computed by taking the best BLASTP hit, and filtering out non-syntenic hits. For more distant species reciprocal-best BLASTP hits are used. Note that the absence of an ortholog in the table below may reflect incomplete annotations in the other species rather than a true absence of the orthologous gene.
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations with Structured Vocabulary
Molecular Function: GO:0005198 structural molecule activity GO:0005515 protein binding
Biological Process: GO:0006886 intracellular protein transport GO:0006888 ER to Golgi vesicle-mediated transport GO:0006890 retrograde vesicle-mediated transport, Golgi to ER GO:0006891 intra-Golgi vesicle-mediated transport GO:0015031 protein transport GO:0016032 viral process GO:0016192 vesicle-mediated transport GO:0043312 neutrophil degranulation
AK021446 - Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ11384 fis, clone HEMBA1000519. BC037280 - Homo sapiens coatomer protein complex, subunit beta 1, mRNA (cDNA clone MGC:33032 IMAGE:4831366), complete cds. X82103 - H.sapiens mRNA for beta-COP. AF084457 - Homo sapiens beta-cop homolog mRNA, complete cds. AF111807 - Homo sapiens MSTP026 (MST026) mRNA, complete cds. AL136593 - Homo sapiens mRNA; cDNA DKFZp761K102 (from clone DKFZp761K102). AK128844 - Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ46444 fis, clone THYMU3017562, weakly similar to Coatomer beta subunit. JD327816 - Sequence 308840 from Patent EP1572962. JD288497 - Sequence 269521 from Patent EP1572962. KJ896626 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone ccsbBroadEn_06020 COPB1 gene, encodes complete protein. DQ892479 - Synthetic construct clone IMAGE:100005109; FLH186692.01X; RZPDo839H0371D coatomer protein complex, subunit beta 1 (COPB1) gene, encodes complete protein. DQ895690 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone IMAGE:100010150; FLH186688.01L; RZPDo839H0361D coatomer protein complex, subunit beta 1 (COPB1) gene, encodes complete protein. AB590445 - Synthetic construct DNA, clone: pFN21AB8401, Homo sapiens COPB1 gene for coatomer protein complex, subunit beta 1, without stop codon, in Flexi system. AM393381 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone IMAGE:100001727 for hypothetical protein (COPB1 gene). AK001203 - Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ10341 fis, clone NT2RM2000821, highly similar to COATOMER BETA SUBUNIT. BC012572 - Homo sapiens coatomer protein complex, subunit beta, mRNA (cDNA clone IMAGE:4105407), with apparent retained intron. AK293813 - Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ57957 complete cds, highly similar to Proteasome subunit alpha type 1 (EC 3.4.25.1). JD390670 - Sequence 371694 from Patent EP1572962. JD367782 - Sequence 348806 from Patent EP1572962. JD053427 - Sequence 34451 from Patent EP1572962. JD363971 - Sequence 344995 from Patent EP1572962. JD451364 - Sequence 432388 from Patent EP1572962.
Biochemical and Signaling Pathways
Reactome (by CSHL, EBI, and GO)
Protein P53618 (Reactome details) participates in the following event(s):
R-HSA-6798747 Exocytosis of tertiary granule membrane proteins R-HSA-6798743 Exocytosis of secretory granule membrane proteins R-HSA-6800426 Exocytosis of ficolin-rich granule membrane proteins R-HSA-6807872 Active ARF recruits coatomer R-HSA-6811412 Active ARF recruits coatomer to the Golgi R-HSA-6807875 ARFGAP, cargo, v-SNAREs and p24 proteins bind nascent COPI complex R-HSA-6811417 ARFGAP, cargo, vSNARES and p24 proteins bind COPI vesicles at Golgi R-HSA-6811426 Retrograde COPI vesicles bind kinesin and microtubules R-HSA-6811418 ARFGAPs stimulate ARF GTPase activity at the Golgi membrane R-HSA-6811423 Retrograde vesicle is tethered at the ER by the NRZ complex and t-SNAREs R-HSA-6807877 ARFGAPs stimulate ARF GTPase activity R-HSA-6809003 ERGIC-to-Golgi vesicles bind dynein:dynactin R-HSA-6809011 cis-Golgi t-SNAREs bind YKT6 on tethered vesicle R-HSA-6809006 Vesicle is tethered through binding GOLGA2:GORASP1, GOLGB1 and the COG complex R-HSA-6798695 Neutrophil degranulation R-HSA-6807878 COPI-mediated anterograde transport R-HSA-6811434 COPI-dependent Golgi-to-ER retrograde traffic R-HSA-168249 Innate Immune System R-HSA-199977 ER to Golgi Anterograde Transport R-HSA-8856688 Golgi-to-ER retrograde transport R-HSA-168256 Immune System R-HSA-199991 Membrane Trafficking R-HSA-948021 Transport to the Golgi and subsequent modification R-HSA-6811442 Intra-Golgi and retrograde Golgi-to-ER traffic R-HSA-5653656 Vesicle-mediated transport R-HSA-446203 Asparagine N-linked glycosylation R-HSA-597592 Post-translational protein modification R-HSA-392499 Metabolism of proteins
US Server
Sequence and Links to Tools and Databases 
Common Gene Haplotype Alleles 
