Human Gene CCN2 (ENST00000367976.4_8) from GENCODE V47lift37
  Description: cellular communication network factor 2 (from RefSeq NM_001901.4)
Gencode Transcript: ENST00000367976.4_8
Gencode Gene: ENSG00000118523.6_10
Transcript (Including UTRs)
   Position: hg19 chr6:132,269,316-132,272,512 Size: 3,197 Total Exon Count: 5 Strand: -
Coding Region
   Position: hg19 chr6:132,270,404-132,272,312 Size: 1,909 Coding Exon Count: 5 

Page IndexSequence and LinksUniProtKB CommentsPrimersGene AllelesRNA-Seq Expression
Microarray ExpressionRNA StructureProtein StructureOther SpeciesGO AnnotationsmRNA Descriptions
PathwaysOther NamesModel InformationMethods
Data last updated at UCSC: 2024-08-22 23:36:26

-  Sequence and Links to Tools and Databases
 
Genomic Sequence (chr6:132,269,316-132,272,512)mRNA (may differ from genome)Protein (349 aa)
Gene SorterGenome BrowserOther Species FASTAVisiGeneTable SchemaAlphaFold
BioGPSEnsemblEntrez GeneExonPrimerGeneCardsMGI
OMIMPubMedReactomeUniProtKBWikipediaBioGrid CRISPR DB

-  Comments and Description Text from UniProtKB
  ID: CTGF_HUMAN
DESCRIPTION: RecName: Full=Connective tissue growth factor; AltName: Full=CCN family member 2; AltName: Full=Hypertrophic chondrocyte-specific protein 24; AltName: Full=Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 8; Short=IBP-8; Short=IGF-binding protein 8; Short=IGFBP-8; Flags: Precursor;
FUNCTION: Major connective tissue mitoattractant secreted by vascular endothelial cells. Promotes proliferation and differentiation of chondrocytes. Mediates heparin- and divalent cation-dependent cell adhesion in many cell types including fibroblasts, myofibroblasts, endothelial and epithelial cells. Enhances fibroblast growth factor-induced DNA synthesis.
SUBUNIT: Monomer.
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted, extracellular space, extracellular matrix (By similarity). Secreted (By similarity).
TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Expressed in bone marrow and thymic cells. Also expressed one of two Wilms tumors tested.
SIMILARITY: Belongs to the CCN family.
SIMILARITY: Contains 1 CTCK (C-terminal cystine knot-like) domain.
SIMILARITY: Contains 1 IGFBP N-terminal domain.
SIMILARITY: Contains 1 TSP type-1 domain.
SIMILARITY: Contains 1 VWFC domain.
WEB RESOURCE: Name=Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology; URL="http://atlasgeneticsoncology.org/Genes/CTGFID40192ch6q23.html";

-  Primer design for this transcript
 

Primer3Plus can design qPCR Primers that straddle exon-exon-junctions, which amplify only cDNA, not genomic DNA.
Click here to load the transcript sequence and exon structure into Primer3Plus

Exonprimer can design one pair of Sanger sequencing primers around every exon, located in non-genic sequence.
Click here to open Exonprimer with this transcript

To design primers for a non-coding sequence, zoom to a region of interest and select from the drop-down menu: View > In External Tools > Primer3


+  Common Gene Haplotype Alleles
  Press "+" in the title bar above to open this section.

-  RNA-Seq Expression Data from GTEx (53 Tissues, 570 Donors)
  Highest median expression: 661.62 RPKM in Artery - Aorta
Total median expression: 4685.85 RPKM



View in GTEx track of Genome Browser    View at GTEx portal     View GTEx Body Map

+  Microarray Expression Data
  Press "+" in the title bar above to open this section.

-  mRNA Secondary Structure of 3' and 5' UTRs
 
RegionFold EnergyBasesEnergy/Base
Display As
5' UTR -52.10200-0.260 Picture PostScript Text
3' UTR -284.601088-0.262 Picture PostScript Text

The RNAfold program from the Vienna RNA Package is used to perform the secondary structure predictions and folding calculations. The estimated folding energy is in kcal/mol. The more negative the energy, the more secondary structure the RNA is likely to have.

-  Protein Domain and Structure Information
  InterPro Domains: Graphical view of domain structure
IPR006208 - Cys_knot
IPR006207 - Cys_knot_C
IPR000867 - IGFBP-like
IPR012395 - IGFBP_CNN
IPR017891 - Insulin_GF-bd_Cys-rich_CS
IPR000884 - Thrombospondin_1_rpt
IPR001007 - VWF_C

Pfam Domains:
PF00007 - Cystine-knot domain
PF00090 - Thrombospondin type 1 domain
PF00093 - von Willebrand factor type C domain
PF00219 - Insulin-like growth factor binding protein
PF19035 - CCN3 Nov like TSP1 domain

SCOP Domains:
57603 - FnI-like domain
57184 - Growth factor receptor domain
82895 - TSP-1 type 1 repeat

ModBase Predicted Comparative 3D Structure on P29279
FrontTopSide
The pictures above may be empty if there is no ModBase structure for the protein. The ModBase structure frequently covers just a fragment of the protein. You may be asked to log onto ModBase the first time you click on the pictures. It is simplest after logging in to just click on the picture again to get to the specific info on that model.

-  Orthologous Genes in Other Species
  Orthologies between human, mouse, and rat are computed by taking the best BLASTP hit, and filtering out non-syntenic hits. For more distant species reciprocal-best BLASTP hits are used. Note that the absence of an ortholog in the table below may reflect incomplete annotations in the other species rather than a true absence of the orthologous gene.
MouseRatZebrafishD. melanogasterC. elegansS. cerevisiae
No orthologNo orthologNo orthologNo orthologNo orthologNo ortholog
Gene DetailsGene Details Gene Details  
Gene SorterGene Sorter Gene Sorter  
 RGDEnsembl   
      
      

-  Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations with Structured Vocabulary
  Molecular Function:
GO:0001968 fibronectin binding
GO:0005178 integrin binding
GO:0005515 protein binding
GO:0005520 insulin-like growth factor binding
GO:0008022 protein C-terminus binding
GO:0008083 growth factor activity
GO:0008201 heparin binding

Biological Process:
GO:0001502 cartilage condensation
GO:0001503 ossification
GO:0001525 angiogenesis
GO:0001558 regulation of cell growth
GO:0001894 tissue homeostasis
GO:0001934 positive regulation of protein phosphorylation
GO:0006367 transcription initiation from RNA polymerase II promoter
GO:0007155 cell adhesion
GO:0007160 cell-matrix adhesion
GO:0007229 integrin-mediated signaling pathway
GO:0007267 cell-cell signaling
GO:0007568 aging
GO:0008284 positive regulation of cell proliferation
GO:0008543 fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway
GO:0008544 epidermis development
GO:0009611 response to wounding
GO:0009749 response to glucose
GO:0010469 regulation of receptor activity
GO:0010628 positive regulation of gene expression
GO:0010629 negative regulation of gene expression
GO:0010942 positive regulation of cell death
GO:0014070 response to organic cyclic compound
GO:0016477 cell migration
GO:0030154 cell differentiation
GO:0030324 lung development
GO:0032330 regulation of chondrocyte differentiation
GO:0032355 response to estradiol
GO:0032967 positive regulation of collagen biosynthetic process
GO:0034059 response to anoxia
GO:0035556 intracellular signal transduction
GO:0035988 chondrocyte proliferation
GO:0043200 response to amino acid
GO:0043280 positive regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process
GO:0043434 response to peptide hormone
GO:0045597 positive regulation of cell differentiation
GO:0046330 positive regulation of JNK cascade
GO:0050867 positive regulation of cell activation
GO:0051385 response to mineralocorticoid
GO:0051496 positive regulation of stress fiber assembly
GO:0060401 cytosolic calcium ion transport
GO:0060452 positive regulation of cardiac muscle contraction
GO:0060548 negative regulation of cell death
GO:0061448 connective tissue development
GO:0070278 extracellular matrix constituent secretion
GO:0070318 positive regulation of G0 to G1 transition
GO:0070374 positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade
GO:0070542 response to fatty acid
GO:0071897 DNA biosynthetic process
GO:0072593 reactive oxygen species metabolic process

Cellular Component:
GO:0005576 extracellular region
GO:0005615 extracellular space
GO:0005801 cis-Golgi network
GO:0005829 cytosol
GO:0005886 plasma membrane
GO:0005938 cell cortex
GO:0031012 extracellular matrix
GO:0048471 perinuclear region of cytoplasm


-  Descriptions from all associated GenBank mRNAs
  LF208714 - JP 2014500723-A/16217: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.
BC087839 - Homo sapiens connective tissue growth factor, mRNA (cDNA clone MGC:102839 IMAGE:6181580), complete cds.
HV968785 - JP 2012520683-A/148: RNA Interference Mediated Inhibition of Connective Tissue Growth Factor (CTGF) Gene Expression Using Short Interfering Nucleic Acid (siNA).
HW061166 - JP 2012529430-A/41: METHODS FOR TREATING CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE.
HZ466386 - JP 2015532642-A/10: MicroRNAs that Suppress Human Melanoma.
JA482122 - Sequence 105 from Patent WO2011072091.
JB251974 - Sequence 41 from Patent EP2440214.
JE980414 - Sequence 105 from Patent EP2862929.
LP722506 - Sequence 19 from Patent EP2882496.
LP764873 - Sequence 41 from Patent EP3276004.
LF213965 - JP 2014500723-A/21468: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.
AK125220 - Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ43230 fis, clone HCHON2001269, highly similar to Connective tissue growth factor precursor.
AK092280 - Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ34961 fis, clone NTONG2003839, highly similar to CONNECTIVE TISSUE GROWTH FACTOR PRECURSOR.
HH837111 - Sequence 38 from Patent EP2231168.
HI214752 - Sequence 38 from Patent EP2076526.
HV601554 - JP 2011500003-A/38: Novel siRNA Structures.
HV856627 - JP 2010507387-A/38: Novel siRNAs and Methods of Use Thereof.
HW165114 - JP 2013102767-A/38: Novel siRNA's and Use Thereof.
HW675622 - JP 2014210789-A/38: Novel siRNA Structures.
HW835310 - JP 2015051004-A/38: Novel siRNA's and Use Thereof.
JA538153 - Sequence 38 from Patent EP2371958.
X78947 - H.sapiens mRNA for connective tissue growth factor.
U14750 - Human connective tissue growth factor mRNA, partial cds.
AY395801 - Homo sapiens connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) mRNA, complete cds.
AY550024 - Homo sapiens connective tissue growth factor mRNA, complete cds.
JD424786 - Sequence 405810 from Patent EP1572962.
AF127918 - Homo sapiens connective tissue growth factor mRNA, 3' untranslated region.
M92934 - Homo sapiens connective tissue growth factor mRNA, complete cds.
LF321962 - JP 2014500723-A/129465: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.
JD050922 - Sequence 31946 from Patent EP1572962.
JD507237 - Sequence 488261 from Patent EP1572962.
JD237522 - Sequence 218546 from Patent EP1572962.
JD317645 - Sequence 298669 from Patent EP1572962.
JD059238 - Sequence 40262 from Patent EP1572962.
JD563495 - Sequence 544519 from Patent EP1572962.
LF321961 - JP 2014500723-A/129464: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.
JD376167 - Sequence 357191 from Patent EP1572962.
LF321960 - JP 2014500723-A/129463: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.
AK290884 - Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ77666 complete cds, highly similar to Homo sapiens connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), mRNA.
LF321959 - JP 2014500723-A/129462: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.
JD266263 - Sequence 247287 from Patent EP1572962.
CR541734 - Homo sapiens full open reading frame cDNA clone RZPDo834D1229D for gene CTGF, connective tissue growth factor; complete cds, incl. stopcodon.
AK315207 - Homo sapiens cDNA, FLJ96197, highly similar to Homo sapiens connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), mRNA.
BT019794 - Homo sapiens connective tissue growth factor mRNA, complete cds.
BT019795 - Homo sapiens connective tissue growth factor mRNA, complete cds.
KJ890996 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone ccsbBroadEn_00390 CTGF gene, encodes complete protein.
CR541759 - Homo sapiens full open reading frame cDNA clone RZPDo834G1037D for gene CTGF, connective tissue growth factor; complete cds, without stopcodon.
AB463538 - Synthetic construct DNA, clone: pF1KB5590, Homo sapiens CTGF gene for connective tissue growth factor, without stop codon, in Flexi system.
AX752126 - Sequence 5 from Patent WO03035083.
DD182000 - Medicament to treat a fibrotic disease.
LF321958 - JP 2014500723-A/129461: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.
LF321957 - JP 2014500723-A/129460: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.
LF321956 - JP 2014500723-A/129459: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.
LF321955 - JP 2014500723-A/129458: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.
LF321954 - JP 2014500723-A/129457: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.
JD188650 - Sequence 169674 from Patent EP1572962.
JD461562 - Sequence 442586 from Patent EP1572962.
JD191185 - Sequence 172209 from Patent EP1572962.
LF321953 - JP 2014500723-A/129456: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.
MA622451 - JP 2018140982-A/10: MicroRNAs that Suppress Human Melanoma.
MA449542 - JP 2018138019-A/21468: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.
MA557539 - JP 2018138019-A/129465: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.
MA557538 - JP 2018138019-A/129464: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.
MA557537 - JP 2018138019-A/129463: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.
MA557536 - JP 2018138019-A/129462: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.
MA557535 - JP 2018138019-A/129461: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.
MA557534 - JP 2018138019-A/129460: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.
MA557533 - JP 2018138019-A/129459: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.
MA557532 - JP 2018138019-A/129458: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.
MA557531 - JP 2018138019-A/129457: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.
MA557530 - JP 2018138019-A/129456: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.
MA444291 - JP 2018138019-A/16217: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.
MP202706 - Sequence 17 from Patent WO2019090263.
MP557070 - Sequence 19 from Patent EP3626309.

-  Biochemical and Signaling Pathways
  Reactome (by CSHL, EBI, and GO)

Protein P29279 (Reactome details) participates in the following event(s):

R-HSA-2032785 YAP1- and WWTR1 (TAZ)-stimulated gene expression
R-HSA-8951671 RUNX3 regulates YAP1-mediated transcription
R-HSA-212436 Generic Transcription Pathway
R-HSA-8878159 Transcriptional regulation by RUNX3
R-HSA-73857 RNA Polymerase II Transcription
R-HSA-74160 Gene expression (Transcription)

-  Other Names for This Gene
  Alternate Gene Symbols: CCN2 , CCN2_HUMAN, CTGF , E1P578, ENST00000367976.1, ENST00000367976.2, ENST00000367976.3, HCS24 , IGFBP8, NM_001901, P29279, Q6LCY0, Q96A79, Q96QX2, Q9UDL6, uc318gix.1, uc318gix.2
UCSC ID: ENST00000367976.4_8
RefSeq Accession: NM_001901.4
Protein: P29279 (aka CTGF_HUMAN)

-  Gene Model Information
  Click here for a detailed description of the fields of the table above.

-  Methods, Credits, and Use Restrictions
  Click here for details on how this gene model was made and data restrictions if any.