ID:RRP44_HUMAN DESCRIPTION: RecName: Full=Exosome complex exonuclease RRP44; EC=3.1.13.-; EC=3.1.26.-; AltName: Full=Protein DIS3 homolog; AltName: Full=Ribosomal RNA-processing protein 44; FUNCTION: Putative catalytic component of the RNA exosome complex which has 3'->5' exoribonuclease activity and participates in a multitude of cellular RNA processing and degradation events. In the nucleus, the RNA exosome complex is involved in proper maturation of stable RNA species such as rRNA, snRNA and snoRNA, in the elimination of RNA processing by-products and non-coding 'pervasive' transcripts, such as antisense RNA species and promoter-upstream transcripts (PROMPTs), and of mRNAs with processing defects, thereby limiting or excluding their export to the cytoplasm. The RNA exosome may be involved in Ig class switch recombination (CSR) and/or Ig variable region somatic hypermutation (SHM) by targeting AICDA deamination activity to transcribed dsDNA substrates. In the cytoplasm, the RNA exosome complex is involved in general mRNA turnover and specifically degrades inherently unstable mRNAs containing AU-rich elements (AREs) within their 3' untranslated regions, and in RNA surveillance pathways, preventing translation of aberrant mRNAs. It seems to be involved in degradation of histone mRNA. DIS3 has both 3'-5' exonuclease and endonuclease activities. COFACTOR: Magnesium and manganese. SUBUNIT: Component of the RNA exosome complex. The catalytically inactive RNA exosome core (Exo-9) complex is believed to associate with catalytic subunits EXOSC10, and DIS3 or DIS3L in cytoplasmic- and nuclear-specific RNA exosome complex forms. INTERACTION: Q9NQT5:EXOSC3; NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-373539, EBI-371866; SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. Nucleus, nucleolus. Nucleus, nucleoplasm. Nucleus. Note=Predominantly located in the nucleus. According to PubMed:12429849, found in the nucleolus and according to PubMed:20531386, excluded from nucleolus supporting the existence of a nucleolar RNA exosome complex devoid of DIS3. TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Widely expressed. MISCELLANEOUS: The association of DIS3 with the RNA exosome complex appears to be weak explaining its absence in some complex purifications. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the RNR ribonuclease family. SIMILARITY: Contains 1 PINc domain. SEQUENCE CAUTION: Sequence=BAA76852.2; Type=Erroneous initiation; Note=Translation N-terminally shortened;
The RNAfold program from the Vienna RNA Package is used to perform the secondary structure predictions and folding calculations. The estimated folding energy is in kcal/mol. The more negative the energy, the more secondary structure the RNA is likely to have.
ModBase Predicted Comparative 3D Structure on Q9Y2L1
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Orthologous Genes in Other Species
Orthologies between human, mouse, and rat are computed by taking the best BLASTP hit, and filtering out non-syntenic hits. For more distant species reciprocal-best BLASTP hits are used. Note that the absence of an ortholog in the table below may reflect incomplete annotations in the other species rather than a true absence of the orthologous gene.
US Server
Sequence and Links to Tools and Databases 
Common Gene Haplotype Alleles 
