ID:FPPS_HUMAN DESCRIPTION: RecName: Full=Farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase; Short=FPP synthase; Short=FPS; EC=2.5.1.10; AltName: Full=(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate synthase; AltName: Full=Dimethylallyltranstransferase; EC=2.5.1.1; AltName: Full=Farnesyl diphosphate synthase; AltName: Full=Geranyltranstransferase; FUNCTION: Key enzyme in isoprenoid biosynthesis which catalyzes the formation of farnesyl diphosphate (FPP), a precursor for several classes of essential metabolites including sterols, dolichols, carotenoids, and ubiquinones. FPP also serves as substrate for protein farnesylation and geranylgeranylation. Catalyzes the sequential condensation of isopentenyl pyrophosphate with the allylic pyrophosphates, dimethylallyl pyrophosphate, and then with the resultant geranylpyrophosphate to the ultimate product farnesyl pyrophosphate. CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Dimethylallyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate = diphosphate + geranyl diphosphate. CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate = diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate. COFACTOR: Binds 3 magnesium ions per subunit. ENZYME REGULATION: Inactivated by interferon-induced RSAD2. This inactivation may result of disruption of lipid rafts at the plasma membrane, and thus have an antiviral effect since many enveloped viruses need lipid rafts to bud efficiently out of the cell. PATHWAY: Isoprenoid biosynthesis; farnesyl diphosphate biosynthesis; farnesyl diphosphate from geranyl diphosphate and isopentenyl diphosphate: step 1/1. PATHWAY: Isoprenoid biosynthesis; geranyl diphosphate biosynthesis; geranyl diphosphate from dimethylallyl diphosphate and isopentenyl diphosphate: step 1/1. SUBUNIT: Homodimer. Interacts with RSAD2. Interacts with HTLV-1 protein p13(II). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the FPP/GGPP synthase family. CAUTION: It is uncertain whether Met-1 or Met-67 is the initiator. SEQUENCE CAUTION: Sequence=AAA52423.1; Type=Erroneous initiation; Sequence=BAA03523.2; Type=Erroneous initiation;
The RNAfold program from the Vienna RNA Package is used to perform the secondary structure predictions and folding calculations. The estimated folding energy is in kcal/mol. The more negative the energy, the more secondary structure the RNA is likely to have.
ModBase Predicted Comparative 3D Structure on P14324
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Orthologous Genes in Other Species
Orthologies between human, mouse, and rat are computed by taking the best BLASTP hit, and filtering out non-syntenic hits. For more distant species reciprocal-best BLASTP hits are used. Note that the absence of an ortholog in the table below may reflect incomplete annotations in the other species rather than a true absence of the orthologous gene.
Biological Process: GO:0006629 lipid metabolic process GO:0006694 steroid biosynthetic process GO:0006695 cholesterol biosynthetic process GO:0008202 steroid metabolic process GO:0008203 cholesterol metabolic process GO:0008299 isoprenoid biosynthetic process GO:0016032 viral process GO:0016126 sterol biosynthetic process GO:0033384 geranyl diphosphate biosynthetic process GO:0045337 farnesyl diphosphate biosynthetic process GO:0045540 regulation of cholesterol biosynthetic process
BioCyc Knowledge Library PWY-5123 - trans, trans-farnesyl diphosphate biosynthesis PWY-5910 - superpathway of geranylgeranyldiphosphate biosynthesis I (via mevalonate) PWY66-5 - superpathway of cholesterol biosynthesis
Reactome (by CSHL, EBI, and GO)
Protein P14324 (Reactome details) participates in the following event(s):
R-HSA-191303 Another isopentenyl pyrophosphate is added to geranyl pyrophosphate R-HSA-191322 Addition of isopentenyl pyrophosphate to DMAPP R-HSA-2426168 Activation of gene expression by SREBF (SREBP) R-HSA-1655829 Regulation of cholesterol biosynthesis by SREBP (SREBF) R-HSA-8957322 Metabolism of steroids R-HSA-556833 Metabolism of lipids R-HSA-191273 Cholesterol biosynthesis R-HSA-1430728 Metabolism
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Sequence and Links to Tools and Databases 
Common Gene Haplotype Alleles 
