Human Gene GNRH2 (ENST00000359100.6_4) from GENCODE V47lift37
  Description: gonadotropin releasing hormone 2, transcript variant 3 (from RefSeq NM_178331.2)
Gencode Transcript: ENST00000359100.6_4
Gencode Gene: ENSG00000125787.11_8
Transcript (Including UTRs)
   Position: hg19 chr20:3,024,268-3,026,393 Size: 2,126 Total Exon Count: 4 Strand: +
Coding Region
   Position: hg19 chr20:3,025,061-3,026,382 Size: 1,322 Coding Exon Count: 3 

Page IndexSequence and LinksUniProtKB CommentsPrimersMalaCardsCTD
Gene AllelesRNA-Seq ExpressionMicroarray ExpressionRNA StructureProtein StructureOther Species
GO AnnotationsmRNA DescriptionsPathwaysOther NamesModel InformationMethods
Data last updated at UCSC: 2024-08-22 23:36:26

-  Sequence and Links to Tools and Databases
 
Genomic Sequence (chr20:3,024,268-3,026,393)mRNA (may differ from genome)Protein (113 aa)
Gene SorterGenome BrowserOther Species FASTAGene interactionsTable SchemaAlphaFold
BioGPSEnsemblEntrez GeneExonPrimerGeneCardsHGNC
MalacardsMGIOMIMPubMedReactomeUniProtKB
WikipediaBioGrid CRISPR DB

-  Comments and Description Text from UniProtKB
  ID: GON2_HUMAN
DESCRIPTION: RecName: Full=Progonadoliberin-2; AltName: Full=Progonadoliberin II; Contains: RecName: Full=Gonadoliberin-2; AltName: Full=Gonadoliberin II; AltName: Full=Gonadotropin-releasing hormone II; Short=GnRH II; AltName: Full=Luliberin II; AltName: Full=Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone II; Short=LH-RH II; Contains: RecName: Full=GnRH-associated peptide 2; AltName: Full=GnRH-associated peptide II; Flags: Precursor;
FUNCTION: Stimulates the secretion of gonadotropins; it stimulates the secretion of both luteinizing and follicle-stimulating hormones.
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted.
TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Midbrain; expressed at significantly higher levels outside the brain (up to 30-fold), particularly in the kidney, bone marrow and prostate.
SIMILARITY: Belongs to the GnRH family.

-  Primer design for this transcript
 

Primer3Plus can design qPCR Primers that straddle exon-exon-junctions, which amplify only cDNA, not genomic DNA.
Click here to load the transcript sequence and exon structure into Primer3Plus

Exonprimer can design one pair of Sanger sequencing primers around every exon, located in non-genic sequence.
Click here to open Exonprimer with this transcript

To design primers for a non-coding sequence, zoom to a region of interest and select from the drop-down menu: View > In External Tools > Primer3


-  MalaCards Disease Associations
  MalaCards Gene Search: GNRH2
Diseases sorted by gene-association score: breast cancer (2)

-  Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD)
  The following chemicals interact with this gene           more ... click here to view the complete list

+  Common Gene Haplotype Alleles
  Press "+" in the title bar above to open this section.

-  RNA-Seq Expression Data from GTEx (53 Tissues, 570 Donors)
  Highest median expression: 1.50 RPKM in Brain - Cerebellum
Total median expression: 14.21 RPKM



View in GTEx track of Genome Browser    View at GTEx portal     View GTEx Body Map

+  Microarray Expression Data
  Press "+" in the title bar above to open this section.

-  mRNA Secondary Structure of 3' and 5' UTRs
 
RegionFold EnergyBasesEnergy/Base
Display As
5' UTR -13.6051-0.267 Picture PostScript Text

The RNAfold program from the Vienna RNA Package is used to perform the secondary structure predictions and folding calculations. The estimated folding energy is in kcal/mol. The more negative the energy, the more secondary structure the RNA is likely to have.

-  Protein Domain and Structure Information
  InterPro Domains: Graphical view of domain structure
IPR002012 - GnRH

Pfam Domains:
PF00446 - Gonadotropin-releasing hormone

ModBase Predicted Comparative 3D Structure on O43555
FrontTopSide
The pictures above may be empty if there is no ModBase structure for the protein. The ModBase structure frequently covers just a fragment of the protein. You may be asked to log onto ModBase the first time you click on the pictures. It is simplest after logging in to just click on the picture again to get to the specific info on that model.

-  Orthologous Genes in Other Species
  Orthologies between human, mouse, and rat are computed by taking the best BLASTP hit, and filtering out non-syntenic hits. For more distant species reciprocal-best BLASTP hits are used. Note that the absence of an ortholog in the table below may reflect incomplete annotations in the other species rather than a true absence of the orthologous gene.
MouseRatZebrafishD. melanogasterC. elegansS. cerevisiae
No orthologNo orthologNo orthologNo orthologNo orthologNo ortholog
      
      
      
      
      

-  Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations with Structured Vocabulary
  Molecular Function:
GO:0005179 hormone activity

Biological Process:
GO:0007165 signal transduction
GO:0007186 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway
GO:0007275 multicellular organism development
GO:0010469 regulation of receptor activity

Cellular Component:
GO:0005576 extracellular region


-  Descriptions from all associated GenBank mRNAs
  AF036330 - Homo sapiens gonadotropin-releasing hormone precursor, second form (GnRH-II) mRNA, partial cds.
BC069362 - Homo sapiens gonadotropin-releasing hormone 2, transcript variant 1, mRNA (cDNA clone MGC:97397 IMAGE:7262673), complete cds.
BC115399 - Homo sapiens gonadotropin-releasing hormone 2, mRNA (cDNA clone MGC:134861 IMAGE:40069240), complete cds.
BC115400 - Homo sapiens gonadotropin-releasing hormone 2, mRNA (cDNA clone MGC:134862 IMAGE:40069241), complete cds.
JD044421 - Sequence 25445 from Patent EP1572962.
JD371711 - Sequence 352735 from Patent EP1572962.
AF190640 - Homo sapiens endometrium-specific GnRH-II mRNA, partial cds.
LF205903 - JP 2014500723-A/13406: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.
MA441480 - JP 2018138019-A/13406: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.

-  Biochemical and Signaling Pathways
  Reactome (by CSHL, EBI, and GO)

Protein O43555 (Reactome details) participates in the following event(s):

R-HSA-391372 Gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptors can bind GNRH I and II
R-HSA-749452 The Ligand:GPCR:Gq complex dissociates
R-HSA-749448 Liganded Gq-activating GPCRs bind inactive heterotrimeric Gq
R-HSA-379048 Liganded Gq/11-activating GPCRs act as GEFs for Gq/11
R-HSA-375281 Hormone ligand-binding receptors
R-HSA-416476 G alpha (q) signalling events
R-HSA-373076 Class A/1 (Rhodopsin-like receptors)
R-HSA-388396 GPCR downstream signalling
R-HSA-500792 GPCR ligand binding
R-HSA-372790 Signaling by GPCR
R-HSA-162582 Signal Transduction

-  Other Names for This Gene
  Alternate Gene Symbols: ENST00000359100.1, ENST00000359100.2, ENST00000359100.3, ENST00000359100.4, ENST00000359100.5, GON2_HUMAN, NM_178331, O43555, Q14C68, Q14C69, Q9BYN9, Q9BYP0, uc318awr.1, uc318awr.2
UCSC ID: ENST00000359100.6_4
RefSeq Accession: NM_178331.2
Protein: O43555 (aka GON2_HUMAN)

-  Gene Model Information
  Click here for a detailed description of the fields of the table above.

-  Methods, Credits, and Use Restrictions
  Click here for details on how this gene model was made and data restrictions if any.