ID:GLO2_HUMAN DESCRIPTION: RecName: Full=Hydroxyacylglutathione hydrolase, mitochondrial; EC=3.1.2.6; AltName: Full=Glyoxalase II; Short=Glx II; Flags: Precursor; FUNCTION: Thiolesterase that catalyzes the hydrolysis of S-D- lactoyl-glutathione to form glutathione and D-lactic acid. CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: S-(2-hydroxyacyl)glutathione + H(2)O = glutathione + a 2-hydroxy carboxylate. COFACTOR: Binds 2 zinc ions per subunit. PATHWAY: Secondary metabolite metabolism; methylglyoxal degradation; (R)-lactate from methylglyoxal: step 2/2. SUBUNIT: Monomer. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Isoform 1: Mitochondrion matrix. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Isoform 2: Cytoplasm. TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Expressed in liver and kidney. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the metallo-beta-lactamase superfamily. Glyoxalase II family. CAUTION: Only one single gene encoding glyoxalase II has been identified in vertebrates. In yeast and higher plants, separate genes encode the cytosolic and mitochondrial forms of glyoxalase II. SEQUENCE CAUTION: Sequence=AAH00840.1; Type=Erroneous initiation; Sequence=CAA62483.1; Type=Erroneous initiation;
The RNAfold program from the Vienna RNA Package is used to perform the secondary structure predictions and folding calculations. The estimated folding energy is in kcal/mol. The more negative the energy, the more secondary structure the RNA is likely to have.
ModBase Predicted Comparative 3D Structure on Q16775
Front
Top
Side
The pictures above may be empty if there is no ModBase structure for the protein. The ModBase structure frequently covers just a fragment of the protein. You may be asked to log onto ModBase the first time you click on the pictures. It is simplest after logging in to just click on the picture again to get to the specific info on that model.
Orthologous Genes in Other Species
Orthologies between human, mouse, and rat are computed by taking the best BLASTP hit, and filtering out non-syntenic hits. For more distant species reciprocal-best BLASTP hits are used. Note that the absence of an ortholog in the table below may reflect incomplete annotations in the other species rather than a true absence of the orthologous gene.
Biological Process: GO:0006090 pyruvate metabolic process GO:0006750 glutathione biosynthetic process GO:0019243 methylglyoxal catabolic process to D-lactate via S-lactoyl-glutathione
JD443378 - Sequence 424402 from Patent EP1572962. JD073055 - Sequence 54079 from Patent EP1572962. JD444788 - Sequence 425812 from Patent EP1572962. JD099955 - Sequence 80979 from Patent EP1572962. JD050370 - Sequence 31394 from Patent EP1572962. JD220782 - Sequence 201806 from Patent EP1572962. AK298174 - Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ50821 complete cds, highly similar to Homo sapiens hydroxyacylglutathione hydrolase (HAGH), transcript variant 1, mRNA. AK299993 - Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ60347 complete cds, highly similar to Homo sapiens hydroxyacylglutathione hydrolase (HAGH), transcript variant 1, mRNA. X90999 - H.sapiens mRNA for Glyoxalase II. BC000840 - Homo sapiens hydroxyacylglutathione hydrolase, mRNA (cDNA clone MGC:5303 IMAGE:3457214), complete cds. BC002627 - Homo sapiens hydroxyacylglutathione hydrolase, mRNA (cDNA clone MGC:3589 IMAGE:3608098), complete cds. AK054943 - Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ30381 fis, clone BRACE2008021. AK299173 - Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ60825 complete cds, highly similar to Homo sapiens hydroxyacylglutathione hydrolase (HAGH), transcript variant 1, mRNA. JD561793 - Sequence 542817 from Patent EP1572962. AK290155 - Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ77033 complete cds, highly similar to Homo sapiens hydroxyacylglutathione hydrolase (HAGH), mRNA. JD144169 - Sequence 125193 from Patent EP1572962. CU674420 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens gateway clone IMAGE:100018645 5' read HAGH mRNA. CU678070 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens gateway clone IMAGE:100016916 5' read HAGH mRNA. KJ891330 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone ccsbBroadEn_00724 HAGH gene, encodes complete protein. KJ896955 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone ccsbBroadEn_06349 HAGH gene, encodes complete protein. DQ891220 - Synthetic construct clone IMAGE:100003850; FLH170264.01X; RZPDo839D0698D hydroxyacylglutathione hydrolase (HAGH) gene, encodes complete protein. DQ891221 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone IMAGE:100003851; FLH263544.01X; RZPDo839D0798D hydroxyacylglutathione hydrolase (HAGH) gene, encodes complete protein. DQ894403 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone IMAGE:100008863; FLH170260.01L; RZPDo839D0697D hydroxyacylglutathione hydrolase (HAGH) gene, encodes complete protein. EU176259 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone IMAGE:100006621; FLH264082.01X; RZPDo839B01257D hydroxyacylglutathione hydrolase (HAGH) gene, encodes complete protein. AK308825 - Homo sapiens cDNA, FLJ98866. JD424201 - Sequence 405225 from Patent EP1572962. JD128924 - Sequence 109948 from Patent EP1572962. JD137791 - Sequence 118815 from Patent EP1572962.
Biochemical and Signaling Pathways
BioCyc Knowledge Library PWY-5386 - methylglyoxal degradation I
Reactome (by CSHL, EBI, and GO)
Protein Q16775 (Reactome details) participates in the following event(s):
R-HSA-6783221 HAGH hydrolyses (R)-S-LGSH to GSH and LACT R-HSA-70268 Pyruvate metabolism R-HSA-71406 Pyruvate metabolism and Citric Acid (TCA) cycle R-HSA-1428517 The citric acid (TCA) cycle and respiratory electron transport R-HSA-1430728 Metabolism
US Server
Sequence and Links to Tools and Databases 
Common Gene Haplotype Alleles 
