ID:HDAC6_HUMAN DESCRIPTION: RecName: Full=Histone deacetylase 6; Short=HD6; EC=3.5.1.98; FUNCTION: Responsible for the deacetylation of lysine residues on the N-terminal part of the core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4). Histone deacetylation gives a tag for epigenetic repression and plays an important role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression and developmental events. Histone deacetylases act via the formation of large multiprotein complexes (By similarity). Plays a central role in microtubule-dependent cell motility via deacetylation of tubulin. FUNCTION: In addition to its protein deacetylase activity, plays a key role in the degradation of misfolded proteins: when misfolded proteins are too abundant to be degraded by the chaperone refolding system and the ubiquitin-proteasome, mediates the transport of misfolded proteins to a cytoplasmic juxtanuclear structure called aggresome. Probably acts as an adapter that recognizes polyubiquitinated misfolded proteins and target them to the aggresome, facilitating their clearance by autophagy. CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Hydrolysis of an N(6)-acetyl-lysine residue of a histone to yield a deacetylated histone. COFACTOR: Binds 3 zinc ions per subunit. SUBUNIT: Interacts with CBFA2T3, HDAC11 and SIRT2. Interacts with F-actin. Interacts with BBIP10. Under proteasome impairment conditions, interacts with UBD via its histone deacetylase 1 and UBP-type zinc-finger regions. Interacts with CYLD. Interacts with ZMYND15 (By similarity). Interacts with DDIT3/CHOP. INTERACTION: Q9HCU9:BRMS1; NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-301697, EBI-714781; Q62623:Cdc20 (xeno); NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-301697, EBI-2256532; P00533:EGFR; NbExp=8; IntAct=EBI-301697, EBI-297353; P03409:tax (xeno); NbExp=4; IntAct=EBI-301697, EBI-5236464; SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. Cytoplasm. Note=It is mainly cytoplasmic, where it is associated with microtubules. PTM: Phosphorylated by AURKA. PTM: Ubiquitinated. Its polyubiquitination however does not lead to its degradation. PTM: Sumoylated in vitro. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the histone deacetylase family. HD type 2 subfamily. SIMILARITY: Contains 1 UBP-type zinc finger. SEQUENCE CAUTION: Sequence=BAA74924.2; Type=Erroneous initiation; Note=Translation N-terminally shortened;
The RNAfold program from the Vienna RNA Package is used to perform the secondary structure predictions and folding calculations. The estimated folding energy is in kcal/mol. The more negative the energy, the more secondary structure the RNA is likely to have.
ModBase Predicted Comparative 3D Structure on Q9UBN7
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Orthologous Genes in Other Species
Orthologies between human, mouse, and rat are computed by taking the best BLASTP hit, and filtering out non-syntenic hits. For more distant species reciprocal-best BLASTP hits are used. Note that the absence of an ortholog in the table below may reflect incomplete annotations in the other species rather than a true absence of the orthologous gene.
Biological Process: GO:0000209 protein polyubiquitination GO:0006325 chromatin organization GO:0006351 transcription, DNA-templated GO:0006355 regulation of transcription, DNA-templated GO:0006476 protein deacetylation GO:0006511 ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process GO:0006515 misfolded or incompletely synthesized protein catabolic process GO:0006886 intracellular protein transport GO:0006914 autophagy GO:0007026 negative regulation of microtubule depolymerization GO:0009636 response to toxic substance GO:0009967 positive regulation of signal transduction GO:0010033 response to organic substance GO:0010469 regulation of receptor activity GO:0010506 regulation of autophagy GO:0010634 positive regulation of epithelial cell migration GO:0010727 negative regulation of hydrogen peroxide metabolic process GO:0010870 positive regulation of receptor biosynthetic process GO:0016241 regulation of macroautophagy GO:0016575 histone deacetylation GO:0031647 regulation of protein stability GO:0032418 lysosome localization GO:0032461 positive regulation of protein oligomerization GO:0032984 macromolecular complex disassembly GO:0033138 positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation GO:0034983 peptidyl-lysine deacetylation GO:0035967 cellular response to topologically incorrect protein GO:0040029 regulation of gene expression, epigenetic GO:0043162 ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process via the multivesicular body sorting pathway GO:0043242 negative regulation of protein complex disassembly GO:0045598 regulation of fat cell differentiation GO:0045861 negative regulation of proteolysis GO:0045892 negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated GO:0048668 collateral sprouting GO:0051354 negative regulation of oxidoreductase activity GO:0051646 mitochondrion localization GO:0051788 response to misfolded protein GO:0060271 cilium assembly GO:0060632 regulation of microtubule-based movement GO:0060765 regulation of androgen receptor signaling pathway GO:0060997 dendritic spine morphogenesis GO:0061734 parkin-mediated mitophagy in response to mitochondrial depolarization GO:0070201 regulation of establishment of protein localization GO:0070301 cellular response to hydrogen peroxide GO:0070842 aggresome assembly GO:0070845 polyubiquitinated misfolded protein transport GO:0070846 Hsp90 deacetylation GO:0070848 response to growth factor GO:0070932 histone H3 deacetylation GO:0071218 cellular response to misfolded protein GO:0090035 positive regulation of chaperone-mediated protein complex assembly GO:0090042 tubulin deacetylation GO:0098779 mitophagy in response to mitochondrial depolarization GO:1901300 positive regulation of hydrogen peroxide-mediated programmed cell death GO:1903146 regulation of mitophagy
AK302926 - Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ56474 complete cds, highly similar to Histone deacetylase 6. AL137696 - Homo sapiens mRNA; cDNA DKFZp566E044 (from clone DKFZp566E044). BC005872 - Homo sapiens histone deacetylase 6, mRNA (cDNA clone IMAGE:3029555), complete cds. AK024083 - Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ14021 fis, clone HEMBA1002513, highly similar to Histone deacetylase 6. AJ011972 - Homo sapiens mRNA for histone deacetylase-like protein (JM21). AB020708 - Homo sapiens KIAA0901 mRNA for KIAA0901 protein. BC069243 - Homo sapiens histone deacetylase 6, mRNA (cDNA clone MGC:78509 IMAGE:6584427), complete cds. AK295884 - Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ54798 complete cds, highly similar to Histone deacetylase 6. BC011498 - Homo sapiens histone deacetylase 6, mRNA (cDNA clone IMAGE:4179066), complete cds. AK095124 - Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ37805 fis, clone BRSSN2001342, highly similar to Histone deacetylase 6. JD216210 - Sequence 197234 from Patent EP1572962. JD208923 - Sequence 189947 from Patent EP1572962. JD310346 - Sequence 291370 from Patent EP1572962. KJ902051 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone ccsbBroadEn_11445 HDAC6 gene, encodes complete protein. BT006649 - Homo sapiens histone deacetylase 6 mRNA, complete cds. AB385398 - Synthetic construct DNA, clone: pF1KA0901, Homo sapiens HDAC6 gene for histone deacetylase 6, complete cds, without stop codon, in Flexi system. AF132609 - Homo sapiens histone deacetylase 6 mRNA, complete cds. BC013737 - Homo sapiens histone deacetylase 6, mRNA (cDNA clone MGC:5339 IMAGE:2984860), complete cds. AK303012 - Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ56624 complete cds, highly similar to Histone deacetylase 6. JF432329 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone IMAGE:100073516 histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) gene, encodes complete protein. KJ902052 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone ccsbBroadEn_11446 HDAC6 gene, encodes complete protein. AF174499 - Homo sapiens GR AF-1 specific histone deacetylase mRNA, partial cds. AK127118 - Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ45175 fis, clone BRAWH3046424. AK122954 - Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ16672 fis, clone THYMU3001883, highly similar to Histone deacetylase 6. AK309058 - Homo sapiens cDNA, FLJ99099. AK001543 - Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ10681 fis, clone NT2RP3000031, highly similar to Histone deacetylase 6. AK131286 - Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ16239 fis, clone HCASM2003099, highly similar to Histone deacetylase 6. BC013219 - Homo sapiens histone deacetylase 6, mRNA (cDNA clone IMAGE:4149706). DQ573585 - Homo sapiens piRNA piR-41697, complete sequence. JD313488 - Sequence 294512 from Patent EP1572962. JD240436 - Sequence 221460 from Patent EP1572962. JD329234 - Sequence 310258 from Patent EP1572962. JD439183 - Sequence 420207 from Patent EP1572962. JD337895 - Sequence 318919 from Patent EP1572962. JD224552 - Sequence 205576 from Patent EP1572962. JD486505 - Sequence 467529 from Patent EP1572962. JD156553 - Sequence 137577 from Patent EP1572962. JD448634 - Sequence 429658 from Patent EP1572962. JD431259 - Sequence 412283 from Patent EP1572962. JD291694 - Sequence 272718 from Patent EP1572962. JD533543 - Sequence 514567 from Patent EP1572962. JD445892 - Sequence 426916 from Patent EP1572962. JD077217 - Sequence 58241 from Patent EP1572962. JD484376 - Sequence 465400 from Patent EP1572962.
Biochemical and Signaling Pathways
BioCarta from NCI Cancer Genome Anatomy Project h_ranbp2Pathway - Sumoylation by RanBP2 Regulates Transcriptional Repression h_carm-erPathway - CARM1 and Regulation of the Estrogen Receptor
Reactome (by CSHL, EBI, and GO)
Protein Q9UBN7 (Reactome details) participates in the following event(s):
US Server
Sequence and Links to Tools and Databases 
Common Gene Haplotype Alleles 
