ID:IL27A_HUMAN DESCRIPTION: RecName: Full=Interleukin-27 subunit alpha; Short=IL-27 subunit alpha; Short=IL-27-A; Short=IL27-A; AltName: Full=p28; Flags: Precursor; FUNCTION: Cytokine with pro- and anti-inflammatory properties, that can regulate T-helper cell development, suppress T-cell proliferation, stimulate cytotoxic T-cell activity, induce isotype switching in B-cells, and that has diverse effects on innate immune cells. Among its target cells are CD4 T-helper cells which can differentiate in type 1 effector cells (TH1), type 2 effector cells (TH2) and IL17 producing helper T-cells (TH17). It drives rapid clonal expansion of naive but not memory CD4 T-cells. It also strongly synergizes with IL-12 to trigger interferon- gamma/IFN-gamma production of naive CD4 T-cells, binds to the cytokine receptor WSX-1/TCCR which appears to be required but not sufficient for IL-27-mediated signal transduction. IL-27 potentiate the early phase of TH1 response and suppress TH2 and TH17 differentiation. It induces the differentiation of TH1 cells via two distinct pathways, p38 MAPK/TBX21- and ICAM1/ITGAL/ERK- dependent pathways. It also induces STAT1, STAT3, STAT4 and STAT5 phosphorylation and activates TBX21/T-Bet via STAT1 with resulting IL12RB2 up-regulation, an event crucial to TH1 cell commitment. It suppresses the expression of GATA3, the inhibitor TH1 cells development. In CD8 T-cells, it activates STATs as well as GZMB. IL-27 reveals to be a potent inhibitor of TH17 cell development and of IL-17 production. Indeed IL-27 subunit p28 alone is also able to inhibit the production of IL17 by CD4 and CD8 T-cells. While IL-27 suppressed the development of proinflammatory Th17 cells via STAT1, it inhibits the development of anti-inflammatory inducible regulatory T-cells, iTreg, independently of STAT1. IL-27 has also an effect on cytokine production, it suppresses proinflammatory cytokine production such as IL2, IL4, IL5 and IL6 and activates suppressors of cytokine signaling such as SOCS1 and SOCS3. Apart from suppression of cytokine production, IL-27 also antagonizes the effects of some cytokines such as IL6 through direct effects on T-cells. Another important role of IL-27 is its antitumor activity as well as its antiangiogenic activity with activation of production of antiangiogenic chemokines such as IP- 10/CXCL10 and MIG/CXCL9. In vein endothelial cells, it induces IRF1/interferon regulatory factor 1 and increase the expression of MHC class II transactivator/CIITA with resulting up-regulation of major histocompatibility complex class II. IL-27 also demonstrates antiviral activity with inhibitory properties on HIV-1 replivation. SUBUNIT: Heterodimer with IL27B/EBI3. IL-27 is a heterodimer composed IL27 and EBI3. EBI3 is also a component of the IL-12 heterodimer. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. Note=Does not seem to be secreted without coexpression of EBI3. TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Expressed in monocytes and in placenta. INDUCTION: Transiently induced by bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) stimulation in monocytes. PTM: O-glycosylated (Probable). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the IL-6 superfamily. WEB RESOURCE: Name=Wikipedia; Note=Interleukin-27 entry; URL="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interleukin_27";
The RNAfold program from the Vienna RNA Package is used to perform the secondary structure predictions and folding calculations. The estimated folding energy is in kcal/mol. The more negative the energy, the more secondary structure the RNA is likely to have.
ModBase Predicted Comparative 3D Structure on Q8NEV9
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Orthologous Genes in Other Species
Orthologies between human, mouse, and rat are computed by taking the best BLASTP hit, and filtering out non-syntenic hits. For more distant species reciprocal-best BLASTP hits are used. Note that the absence of an ortholog in the table below may reflect incomplete annotations in the other species rather than a true absence of the orthologous gene.
Biological Process: GO:0002230 positive regulation of defense response to virus by host GO:0002376 immune system process GO:0006954 inflammatory response GO:0009617 response to bacterium GO:0010469 regulation of receptor activity GO:0042129 regulation of T cell proliferation GO:0045078 positive regulation of interferon-gamma biosynthetic process GO:0045087 innate immune response GO:0045625 regulation of T-helper 1 cell differentiation GO:0050688 regulation of defense response to virus GO:0070106 interleukin-27-mediated signaling pathway
US Server
Sequence and Links to Tools and Databases 
Common Gene Haplotype Alleles 
