Human Gene IL34 (ENST00000288098.7_8) from GENCODE V47lift37
  Description: interleukin 34, transcript variant 7 (from RefSeq NM_001393496.1)
Gencode Transcript: ENST00000288098.7_8
Gencode Gene: ENSG00000157368.12_11
Transcript (Including UTRs)
   Position: hg19 chr16:70,680,462-70,694,585 Size: 14,124 Total Exon Count: 6 Strand: +
Coding Region
   Position: hg19 chr16:70,680,851-70,694,090 Size: 13,240 Coding Exon Count: 6 

Page IndexSequence and LinksUniProtKB CommentsPrimersMalaCardsCTD
Gene AllelesRNA-Seq ExpressionRNA StructureProtein StructureOther SpeciesGO Annotations
mRNA DescriptionsPathwaysOther NamesModel InformationMethods
Data last updated at UCSC: 2024-08-22 23:36:26

-  Sequence and Links to Tools and Databases
 
Genomic Sequence (chr16:70,680,462-70,694,585)mRNA (may differ from genome)Protein (242 aa)
Gene SorterGenome BrowserOther Species FASTAVisiGeneGene interactionsTable Schema
AlphaFoldBioGPSEnsemblExonPrimerGeneCardsHGNC
MalacardsMGIPubMedReactomeUniProtKBWikipedia

-  Comments and Description Text from UniProtKB
  ID: IL34_HUMAN
DESCRIPTION: RecName: Full=Interleukin-34; Short=IL-34; Flags: Precursor;
FUNCTION: Cytokine that promotes the proliferation, survival and differentiation of monocytes and macrophages. Promotes the release of proinflammatory chemokines, and thereby plays an important role in innate immunity and in inflammatory processes. Plays an important role in the regulation of osteoclast proliferation and differentiation, and in the regulation of bone resorption. Signaling via CSF1R and its downstream effectors stimulates phosphorylation of MAPK1/ERK2 AND MAPK3/ERK1.
SUBUNIT: Homodimer. Interacts with CSF1R.
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted.
TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Detected in the sinusoidal epithelium in the red pulp of spleen (at protein level). Predominantly expressed in spleen. Also detected in a range of other tissues including heart, brain, lung, liver, kidney, thymus, testis, ovary, small intestine, prostate and colon.
SIMILARITY: Belongs to the IL-34 family.

-  Primer design for this transcript
 

Primer3Plus can design qPCR Primers that straddle exon-exon-junctions, which amplify only cDNA, not genomic DNA.
Click here to load the transcript sequence and exon structure into Primer3Plus

Exonprimer can design one pair of Sanger sequencing primers around every exon, located in non-genic sequence.
Click here to open Exonprimer with this transcript

To design primers for a non-coding sequence, zoom to a region of interest and select from the drop-down menu: View > In External Tools > Primer3


-  MalaCards Disease Associations
  MalaCards Gene Search: IL34
Diseases sorted by gene-association score: chronic apical periodontitis (6)

-  Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD)
  The following chemicals interact with this gene

+  Common Gene Haplotype Alleles
  Press "+" in the title bar above to open this section.

-  RNA-Seq Expression Data from GTEx (53 Tissues, 570 Donors)
  Highest median expression: 73.00 RPKM in Spleen
Total median expression: 444.37 RPKM



View in GTEx track of Genome Browser    View at GTEx portal     View GTEx Body Map

-  mRNA Secondary Structure of 3' and 5' UTRs
 
RegionFold EnergyBasesEnergy/Base
Display As
5' UTR -151.90389-0.390 Picture PostScript Text
3' UTR -222.00495-0.448 Picture PostScript Text

The RNAfold program from the Vienna RNA Package is used to perform the secondary structure predictions and folding calculations. The estimated folding energy is in kcal/mol. The more negative the energy, the more secondary structure the RNA is likely to have.

-  Protein Domain and Structure Information
  InterPro Domains: Graphical view of domain structure
IPR020415 - Interleukin-34

Pfam Domains:
PF15036 - Interleukin 34

Protein Data Bank (PDB) 3-D Structure
MuPIT help
4DKC - X-ray MuPIT 4DKD - X-ray MuPIT 4DKE - X-ray MuPIT 4DKF - X-ray MuPIT


ModBase Predicted Comparative 3D Structure on Q6ZMJ4
FrontTopSide
The pictures above may be empty if there is no ModBase structure for the protein. The ModBase structure frequently covers just a fragment of the protein. You may be asked to log onto ModBase the first time you click on the pictures. It is simplest after logging in to just click on the picture again to get to the specific info on that model.

-  Orthologous Genes in Other Species
  Orthologies between human, mouse, and rat are computed by taking the best BLASTP hit, and filtering out non-syntenic hits. For more distant species reciprocal-best BLASTP hits are used. Note that the absence of an ortholog in the table below may reflect incomplete annotations in the other species rather than a true absence of the orthologous gene.
MouseRatZebrafishD. melanogasterC. elegansS. cerevisiae
No orthologNo orthologNo orthologNo orthologNo orthologNo ortholog
Gene DetailsGene Details    
Gene SorterGene Sorter    
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-  Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations with Structured Vocabulary
  Molecular Function:
GO:0005125 cytokine activity
GO:0005157 macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor binding
GO:0005515 protein binding
GO:0008083 growth factor activity
GO:0042802 identical protein binding

Biological Process:
GO:0001934 positive regulation of protein phosphorylation
GO:0002376 immune system process
GO:0006954 inflammatory response
GO:0008284 positive regulation of cell proliferation
GO:0010469 regulation of receptor activity
GO:0019221 cytokine-mediated signaling pathway
GO:0045087 innate immune response
GO:0045651 positive regulation of macrophage differentiation
GO:0045657 positive regulation of monocyte differentiation

Cellular Component:
GO:0005576 extracellular region
GO:0005615 extracellular space


-  Descriptions from all associated GenBank mRNAs
  BC029804 - Homo sapiens interleukin 34, mRNA (cDNA clone MGC:34647 IMAGE:5192904), complete cds.
JD167702 - Sequence 148726 from Patent EP1572962.
JD173078 - Sequence 154102 from Patent EP1572962.
JD128749 - Sequence 109773 from Patent EP1572962.
JD331481 - Sequence 312505 from Patent EP1572962.
JD271198 - Sequence 252222 from Patent EP1572962.
JD149686 - Sequence 130710 from Patent EP1572962.
AK308799 - Homo sapiens cDNA, FLJ98840.
AK314913 - Homo sapiens cDNA, FLJ95819.
JD476414 - Sequence 457438 from Patent EP1572962.
AK172744 - Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ23905 fis, clone ADSE01009.
JD060251 - Sequence 41275 from Patent EP1572962.
CU688750 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens gateway clone IMAGE:100016864 5' read C16orf77 mRNA.
EU599219 - Homo sapiens interleukin 34 isoform 1 precursor, mRNA, complete cds.
EU636994 - Homo sapiens interleukin 34 isoform 2 precursor, mRNA, complete cds.
AK307727 - Homo sapiens cDNA, FLJ97675.
LF208316 - JP 2014500723-A/15819: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.
JD453361 - Sequence 434385 from Patent EP1572962.
JD255244 - Sequence 236268 from Patent EP1572962.
JD467036 - Sequence 448060 from Patent EP1572962.
JD255643 - Sequence 236667 from Patent EP1572962.
JD389315 - Sequence 370339 from Patent EP1572962.
JD533473 - Sequence 514497 from Patent EP1572962.
JD451076 - Sequence 432100 from Patent EP1572962.
JD484035 - Sequence 465059 from Patent EP1572962.
JD216057 - Sequence 197081 from Patent EP1572962.
JD114259 - Sequence 95283 from Patent EP1572962.
MA443893 - JP 2018138019-A/15819: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.

-  Biochemical and Signaling Pathways
  Reactome (by CSHL, EBI, and GO)

Protein Q6ZMJ4 (Reactome details) participates in the following event(s):

R-HSA-448632 IL34 dimerizes
R-HSA-9009488 IL34 binds CSF1
R-HSA-6787820 IL34 dimer binds CSF1R
R-HSA-8981657 IL34 dimer binds PTPRZ1
R-HSA-9009558 IL34 dimer binds SDC1
R-HSA-449836 Other interleukin signaling
R-HSA-449147 Signaling by Interleukins
R-HSA-1280215 Cytokine Signaling in Immune system
R-HSA-168256 Immune System

-  Other Names for This Gene
  Alternate Gene Symbols: B2RC28, B2Z4A8, B2ZC70, C16orf77, ENST00000288098.1, ENST00000288098.2, ENST00000288098.3, ENST00000288098.4, ENST00000288098.5, ENST00000288098.6, IL34_HUMAN, NM_001393496, Q6ZMJ4, Q8N6L2, uc317koy.1, uc317koy.2
UCSC ID: ENST00000288098.7_8
RefSeq Accession: NM_001393494.1
Protein: Q6ZMJ4 (aka IL34_HUMAN)

-  Gene Model Information
  Click here for a detailed description of the fields of the table above.

-  Methods, Credits, and Use Restrictions
  Click here for details on how this gene model was made and data restrictions if any.