ID:IL37_HUMAN DESCRIPTION: RecName: Full=Interleukin-37; AltName: Full=FIL1 zeta; AltName: Full=IL-1X; AltName: Full=Interleukin-1 family member 7; Short=IL-1F7; AltName: Full=Interleukin-1 homolog 4; Short=IL-1H; Short=IL-1H4; AltName: Full=Interleukin-1 zeta; Short=IL-1 zeta; AltName: Full=Interleukin-1-related protein; Short=IL-1RP1; AltName: Full=Interleukin-23; Short=IL-37; Flags: Precursor; FUNCTION: Suppressor of innate inflammatory and immune responses involved in curbing excessive inflammation. This function requires SMAD3. Suppresses, or reduces, proinflammatory cytokine production, including IL1A and IL6, as well as CCL12, CSF1, CSF2, CXCL13, IL1B, IL23A and IL1RN, but spares anti-inflammatory cytokines. Inhibits dendritic cell activation. SUBUNIT: Interacts with SMAD3. Binds IL18R1, but not to IL1R1, with lower affinity than IL18, and does not seem to act as a receptor antagonist for IL18. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm, cytosol. Nucleus. Secreted. Note=Stimulation with IL1B leads to colocalization with SMAD3 mostly in perinuclear regions. Only the CASP1-cleaved mature form translocates into the nucleus upon LPS stimulation. TISSUE SPECIFICITY: In general, low constitutive expression, if any, in healthy tissues; high expression in inflammatory counterparts, including in synovial tissues from individuals with active rheumatoid arthritis. Isoform A, isoform B and isoform C are expressed in testis, colon, placenta, lung and lymph node. Isoform D and isoform E were found only in testis and bone marrow. Whereas only isoform A is found in brain, only isoform B in kidney and only isoform C in heart. INDUCTION: Highly induced by bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and TGFB1, more moderately by IFNG, IL18, IL1B, TNF and the dinucleotide CpG (at protein level). Constitutive expression in bone marrow macrophages is down-regulated in the presence of IL4 and CSF2. Induced by phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) in different cell lines. PTM: Proteolytically converted to the mature form by CASP1. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the IL-1 family. WEB RESOURCE: Name=Wikipedia; Note=Interleukin-1 entry; URL="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interleukin_1"; WEB RESOURCE: Name=SeattleSNPs; URL="http://pga.gs.washington.edu/data/il1f7/";
The RNAfold program from the Vienna RNA Package is used to perform the secondary structure predictions and folding calculations. The estimated folding energy is in kcal/mol. The more negative the energy, the more secondary structure the RNA is likely to have.
ModBase Predicted Comparative 3D Structure on Q9NZH6
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Orthologous Genes in Other Species
Orthologies between human, mouse, and rat are computed by taking the best BLASTP hit, and filtering out non-syntenic hits. For more distant species reciprocal-best BLASTP hits are used. Note that the absence of an ortholog in the table below may reflect incomplete annotations in the other species rather than a true absence of the orthologous gene.
Mouse
Rat
Zebrafish
D. melanogaster
C. elegans
S. cerevisiae
No ortholog
No ortholog
No ortholog
No ortholog
No ortholog
No ortholog
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations with Structured Vocabulary
US Server
Sequence and Links to Tools and Databases 
Common Gene Haplotype Alleles 
