ID:KISS1_HUMAN DESCRIPTION: RecName: Full=Metastasis-suppressor KiSS-1; AltName: Full=Kisspeptin-1; Contains: RecName: Full=Metastin; AltName: Full=Kisspeptin-54; Contains: RecName: Full=Kisspeptin-14; Contains: RecName: Full=Kisspeptin-13; Contains: RecName: Full=Kisspeptin-10; Flags: Precursor; FUNCTION: Metastasis suppressor protein in malignant melanomas and in some breast cancers. May regulate events downstream of cell- matrix adhesion, perhaps involving cytoskeletal reorganization. Generates a C-terminally amidated peptide, metastin which functions as the endogenous ligand of the G-protein coupled receptor GPR54. Activation of the receptor inhibits cell proliferation and cell migration, key characteristics of tumor metastasis. Kp-10 is a decapeptide derived from the primary translation product, isolated in conditioned medium of first trimester trophoblast. Kp-10, but not other kisspeptins, increased intracellular Ca(2+) levels in isolated first trimester trophoblasts. Kp-10 is a paracrine/endocrine regulator in fine- tuning trophoblast invasion generated by the trophoblast itself. The receptor is also essential for normal gonadotropin-released hormone physiology and for puberty. The hypothalamic KiSS1/GPR54 system is a pivotal factor in central regulation of the gonadotropic axis at puberty and in adulthood. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Very high expression in placenta, with the next highest level in testis and moderate levels in pancreas, liver, small intestine and brain at much lower levels. Expression levels increased in both early placentas and molar pregnancies and are reduced in choriocarcinoma cells. Expressed at higher levels in first trimester trophoblasts than at term of gestation, but only expressed in the villous trophoblast. INDUCTION: Down-regulated during the progression of melanoma in vivo. Diminishes MMP9 expression by effecting reduced NF-kappa-B binding to the promoter. PTM: Processed by MMP2 and MMP9. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the KISS1 family. SEQUENCE CAUTION: Sequence=AAC79512.1; Type=Frameshift; Positions=138; Sequence=AAM78592.1; Type=Frameshift; Positions=138; WEB RESOURCE: Name=Protein Spotlight; Note=Tintin's blight - Issue 58 of May 2005; URL="http://web.expasy.org/spotlight/back_issues/sptlt058.shtml";
The RNAfold program from the Vienna RNA Package is used to perform the secondary structure predictions and folding calculations. The estimated folding energy is in kcal/mol. The more negative the energy, the more secondary structure the RNA is likely to have.
ModBase Predicted Comparative 3D Structure on Q15726
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Orthologous Genes in Other Species
Orthologies between human, mouse, and rat are computed by taking the best BLASTP hit, and filtering out non-syntenic hits. For more distant species reciprocal-best BLASTP hits are used. Note that the absence of an ortholog in the table below may reflect incomplete annotations in the other species rather than a true absence of the orthologous gene.
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Sequence and Links to Tools and Databases 
Common Gene Haplotype Alleles 
