ID:MK13_HUMAN DESCRIPTION: RecName: Full=Mitogen-activated protein kinase 13; Short=MAP kinase 13; Short=MAPK 13; EC=2.7.11.24; AltName: Full=Mitogen-activated protein kinase p38 delta; Short=MAP kinase p38 delta; AltName: Full=Stress-activated protein kinase 4; FUNCTION: Serine/threonine kinase which acts as an essential component of the MAP kinase signal transduction pathway. MAPK13 is one of the four p38 MAPKs which play an important role in the cascades of cellular responses evoked by extracellular stimuli such as proinflammatory cytokines or physical stress leading to direct activation of transcription factors such as ELK1 and ATF2. Accordingly, p38 MAPKs phosphorylate a broad range of proteins and it has been estimated that they may have approximately 200 to 300 substrates each. MAPK13 is one of the less studied p38 MAPK isoforms. Some of the targets are downstream kinases such as MAPKAPK2, which are activated through phosphorylation and further phosphorylate additional targets. Plays a role in the regulation of protein translation by phosphorylating and inactivating EEF2K. Involved in cytoskeletal remodeling through phosphorylation of MAPT and STMN1. Mediates UV irradiation induced up-regulation of the gene expression of CXCL14. Plays an important role in the regulation of epidermal keratinocyte differentiation, apoptosis and skin tumor development. Phosphorylates the transcriptional activator MYB in response to stress which leads to rapid MYB degradation via a proteasome-dependent pathway. MAPK13 also phosphorylates and down-regulates PRKD1 during regulation of insulin secretion in pancreatic beta cells. CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: ATP + a protein = ADP + a phosphoprotein. COFACTOR: Magnesium. ENZYME REGULATION: Activated by phosphorylation on threonine and tyrosine by dual specificity kinases, MAP2K3/MKK3, MAP2K6/MKK6, MAP2K4/MKK4 and MAP2K7/MKK7. Activation by ultraviolet radiation, hyperosmotic shock, anisomycin or by TNF-alpha is mediated by MAP2K3/MKK3. Inhibited by dual specificity phosphatase DUSP1. SUBUNIT: Interacts with MAPK8IP2. INTERACTION: P21462:FPR1; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-2116951, EBI-2869495; Q15139:PRKD1; NbExp=6; IntAct=EBI-2116951, EBI-1181072; TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Expressed in testes, pancreas, small intestine, lung and kidney. Abundant in macrophages, also present in neutrophils, CD4+ T-cells, and endothelial cells. DOMAIN: The TXY motif contains the threonine and tyrosine residues whose phosphorylation activates the MAP kinases. PTM: Dually phosphorylated on Thr-180 and Tyr-182 by MAP2K3/MKK3, MAP2K4/MKK4, MAP2K6/MKK6 and MAP2K7/MKK7, which activates the enzyme. Dephosphorylated by dual specificity phosphatase DUSP1. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. MAP kinase subfamily. SIMILARITY: Contains 1 protein kinase domain.
The RNAfold program from the Vienna RNA Package is used to perform the secondary structure predictions and folding calculations. The estimated folding energy is in kcal/mol. The more negative the energy, the more secondary structure the RNA is likely to have.
ModBase Predicted Comparative 3D Structure on O15264
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Orthologous Genes in Other Species
Orthologies between human, mouse, and rat are computed by taking the best BLASTP hit, and filtering out non-syntenic hits. For more distant species reciprocal-best BLASTP hits are used. Note that the absence of an ortholog in the table below may reflect incomplete annotations in the other species rather than a true absence of the orthologous gene.
AB209586 - Homo sapiens mRNA for mitogen-activated protein kinase 13 variant protein. AK308018 - Homo sapiens cDNA, FLJ97966. JD484890 - Sequence 465914 from Patent EP1572962. BC085196 - Homo sapiens mitogen-activated protein kinase 13, mRNA (cDNA clone MGC:99536 IMAGE:6107307), complete cds. JD409885 - Sequence 390909 from Patent EP1572962. JD460520 - Sequence 441544 from Patent EP1572962. AF004709 - Homo sapiens stress-activated protein kinase 4 mRNA, complete cds. BC000433 - Homo sapiens mitogen-activated protein kinase 13, mRNA (cDNA clone MGC:8364 IMAGE:2819932), complete cds. BC001641 - Homo sapiens mitogen-activated protein kinase 13, mRNA (cDNA clone MGC:2042 IMAGE:2819932), complete cds. BC004428 - Homo sapiens mitogen-activated protein kinase 13, mRNA (cDNA clone MGC:3830 IMAGE:2819932), complete cds. Y10488 - H.sapiens mRNA for stress activated protein kinase-4. AF015256 - Homo sapiens p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 delta) mRNA, complete cds. AF092535 - Homo sapiens mitogen-activated protein kinase p38delta (PRKM13) mRNA, complete cds. JD220230 - Sequence 201254 from Patent EP1572962. U93232 - Human MAP kinase p38delta mRNA, complete cds. AF100546 - Homo sapiens stress-activated protein kinase 4 (SAPK4) mRNA, complete cds. EU832250 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone HAIB:100067279; DKFZo004F1126 mitogen-activated protein kinase 13 protein (MAPK13) gene, encodes complete protein. EU832156 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone HAIB:100067185; DKFZo008F1125 mitogen-activated protein kinase 13 protein (MAPK13) gene, encodes complete protein. AB451344 - Homo sapiens MAPK13 mRNA for mitogen-activated protein kinase 13, partial cds, clone: FLJ08003AAAF. AB463892 - Synthetic construct DNA, clone: pF1KB6529, Homo sapiens MAPK13 gene for mitogen-activated protein kinase 13, without stop codon, in Flexi system. CR541687 - Homo sapiens full open reading frame cDNA clone RZPDo834C0828D for gene MAPK13, mitogen-activated protein kinase 13; complete cds, without stopcodon. KU178281 - Homo sapiens mitogen-activated protein kinase 13 isoform 1 (MAPK13) mRNA, partial cds. KU178282 - Homo sapiens mitogen-activated protein kinase 13 isoform 2 (MAPK13) mRNA, partial cds, alternatively spliced. DQ894551 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone IMAGE:100009011; FLH176308.01L; RZPDo839B11121D mitogen-activated protein kinase 13 (MAPK13) gene, encodes complete protein. AB451221 - Homo sapiens MAPK13 mRNA for mitogen-activated protein kinase 13, complete cds, clone: FLJ08003AAAN. KJ891895 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone ccsbBroadEn_01289 MAPK13 gene, encodes complete protein. KJ905295 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone ccsbBroadEn_14806 MAPK13 gene, encodes complete protein. BT007221 - Homo sapiens mitogen-activated protein kinase 13 mRNA, complete cds. CR536490 - Homo sapiens full open reading frame cDNA clone RZPDo834C0420D for gene MAPK13, mitogen-activated protein kinase 13; complete cds, incl. stopcodon. DQ891372 - Synthetic construct clone IMAGE:100004002; FLH176312.01X; RZPDo839B11122D mitogen-activated protein kinase 13 (MAPK13) gene, encodes complete protein. AK222922 - Homo sapiens mRNA for MAPK13 protein (Fragment) variant, clone: HRC08145. JD461641 - Sequence 442665 from Patent EP1572962. JD379357 - Sequence 360381 from Patent EP1572962. JD307938 - Sequence 288962 from Patent EP1572962. JD106259 - Sequence 87283 from Patent EP1572962. JD369200 - Sequence 350224 from Patent EP1572962. DQ571788 - Homo sapiens piRNA piR-31900, complete sequence. JD073170 - Sequence 54194 from Patent EP1572962. DQ588728 - Homo sapiens piRNA piR-55840, complete sequence. DQ587207 - Homo sapiens piRNA piR-54319, complete sequence. JD204234 - Sequence 185258 from Patent EP1572962.
Biochemical and Signaling Pathways
BioCarta from NCI Cancer Genome Anatomy Project h_stathminPathway - Stathmin and breast cancer resistance to antimicrotubule agents h_keratinocytePathway - Keratinocyte Differentiation h_mapkPathway - MAPKinase Signaling Pathway
Reactome (by CSHL, EBI, and GO)
Protein O15264 (Reactome details) participates in the following event(s):
US Server
Sequence and Links to Tools and Databases 
Common Gene Haplotype Alleles 
