ID:MED25_HUMAN DESCRIPTION: RecName: Full=Mediator of RNA polymerase II transcription subunit 25; AltName: Full=Activator interaction domain-containing protein 1; AltName: Full=Activator-recruited cofactor 92 kDa component; Short=ARC92; AltName: Full=Mediator complex subunit 25; AltName: Full=p78; FUNCTION: Component of the Mediator complex, a coactivator involved in the regulated transcription of nearly all RNA polymerase II-dependent genes. Mediator functions as a bridge to convey information from gene-specific regulatory proteins to the basal RNA polymerase II transcription machinery. Mediator is recruited to promoters by direct interactions with regulatory proteins and serves as a scaffold for the assembly of a functional preinitiation complex with RNA polymerase II and the general transcription factors. Required for RARA/RXRA-mediated transcription. SUBUNIT: Component of the Mediator complex, which is composed of MED1, MED4, MED6, MED7, MED8, MED9, MED10, MED11, MED12, MED13, MED13L, MED14, MED15, MED16, MED17, MED18, MED19, MED20, MED21, MED22, MED23, MED24, MED25, MED26, MED27, MED29, MED30, MED31, CCNC, CDK8 and CDC2L6/CDK11. The MED12, MED13, CCNC and CDK8 subunits form a distinct module termed the CDK8 module. Mediator containing the CDK8 module is less active than Mediator lacking this module in supporting transcriptional activation. Individual preparations of the Mediator complex lacking one or more distinct subunits have been variously termed ARC, CRSP, DRIP, PC2, SMCC and TRAP. Interacts with CREBBP. Interacts with ESR1, GR, RARA, RXRA and THRB in a ligand-dependent fashion. Binds the Herpes simplex virus activator VP16. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Ubiquitously expressed. Highest levels in brain, heart, kidney, peripheral leukocytes, placenta, skeletal muscle and spleen. DISEASE: Defects in MED25 are the cause of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2B2 (CMT2B2) [MIM:605589]. It is a recessive axonal form of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, a disorder of the peripheral nervous system, characterized by progressive weakness and atrophy, initially of the peroneal muscles and later of the distal muscles of the arms. Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease is classified in two main groups on the basis of electrophysiologic properties and histopathology: primary peripheral demyelinating neuropathies(designated CMT1 when they are dominantly inherited) and primary peripheral axonal neuropathies (CMT2). Neuropathies of the CMT2 group are characterized by signs of axonal regeneration in the absence of obvious myelin alterations, normal or slightly reduced nerve conduction velocities, and progressive distal muscle weakness and atrophy. Nerve conduction velocities are normal or slightly reduced. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the Mediator complex subunit 25 family. SEQUENCE CAUTION: Sequence=AAG15589.1; Type=Erroneous initiation; Sequence=CAB66680.1; Type=Frameshift; Positions=567;
The RNAfold program from the Vienna RNA Package is used to perform the secondary structure predictions and folding calculations. The estimated folding energy is in kcal/mol. The more negative the energy, the more secondary structure the RNA is likely to have.
ModBase Predicted Comparative 3D Structure on Q71SY5
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Orthologous Genes in Other Species
Orthologies between human, mouse, and rat are computed by taking the best BLASTP hit, and filtering out non-syntenic hits. For more distant species reciprocal-best BLASTP hits are used. Note that the absence of an ortholog in the table below may reflect incomplete annotations in the other species rather than a true absence of the orthologous gene.
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations with Structured Vocabulary
Molecular Function: GO:0005515 protein binding GO:0008134 transcription factor binding GO:0042974 retinoic acid receptor binding GO:0046965 retinoid X receptor binding
Biological Process: GO:0000122 negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter GO:0006351 transcription, DNA-templated GO:0006355 regulation of transcription, DNA-templated GO:0006367 transcription initiation from RNA polymerase II promoter GO:0035563 positive regulation of chromatin binding GO:0045944 positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter GO:0048147 negative regulation of fibroblast proliferation GO:0071158 positive regulation of cell cycle arrest GO:2001178 positive regulation of mediator complex assembly
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Sequence and Links to Tools and Databases 
Common Gene Haplotype Alleles 
