ID:MMP16_HUMAN DESCRIPTION: RecName: Full=Matrix metalloproteinase-16; Short=MMP-16; EC=3.4.24.-; AltName: Full=MMP-X2; AltName: Full=Membrane-type matrix metalloproteinase 3; Short=MT-MMP 3; Short=MTMMP3; AltName: Full=Membrane-type-3 matrix metalloproteinase; Short=MT3-MMP; Short=MT3MMP; Flags: Precursor; FUNCTION: Endopeptidase that degrades various components of the extracellular matrix, such as collagen type III and fibronectin. Activates progelatinase A. Involved in the matrix remodeling of blood vessels. Isoform short cleaves fibronectin and also collagen type III, but at lower rate. It has no effect on type I, II, IV and V collagen. However, upon interaction with CSPG4, it may be involved in degradation and invasion of type I collagen by melanoma cells. COFACTOR: Binds 1 zinc ion per subunit (By similarity). COFACTOR: Calcium (By similarity). ENZYME REGULATION: TIMP-2 shows little inhibitory activity compared to TIMP-1. TIMP-1 seems to have less binding affinity than TIMP-2 for the short isoform. SUBUNIT: Interacts with CSPG4 through CSPG4 chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycan. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Isoform Long: Cell membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein; Extracellular side (Potential). Note=Localized at the cell surface of melanoma cells. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Isoform Short: Secreted, extracellular space, extracellular matrix. Cell surface. Note=Localized at the cell surface of melanoma cells. TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Expressed in heart, brain, placenta, ovary and small intestine. Isoform Short is found in the ovary. DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE: Expressed in tissues undergoing reconstruction. Present in fetal tissues, especially in brain. Expression seems to decline with advanced development. DOMAIN: The conserved cysteine present in the cysteine-switch motif binds the catalytic zinc ion, thus inhibiting the enzyme. The dissociation of the cysteine from the zinc ion upon the activation-peptide release activates the enzyme. PTM: The precursor is cleaved by a furin endopeptidase (By similarity). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the peptidase M10A family. SIMILARITY: Contains 4 hemopexin-like domains. WEB RESOURCE: Name=NIEHS-SNPs; URL="http://egp.gs.washington.edu/data/mmp16/";
The RNAfold program from the Vienna RNA Package is used to perform the secondary structure predictions and folding calculations. The estimated folding energy is in kcal/mol. The more negative the energy, the more secondary structure the RNA is likely to have.
ModBase Predicted Comparative 3D Structure on P51512
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Orthologous Genes in Other Species
Orthologies between human, mouse, and rat are computed by taking the best BLASTP hit, and filtering out non-syntenic hits. For more distant species reciprocal-best BLASTP hits are used. Note that the absence of an ortholog in the table below may reflect incomplete annotations in the other species rather than a true absence of the orthologous gene.
AL832595 - Homo sapiens mRNA; cDNA DKFZp451M0916 (from clone DKFZp451M0916). D83646 - Homo sapiens mRNA for metalloproteinase, complete cds. D85511 - Homo sapiens mRNA for MT3-MMP, complete cds. AB009303 - Homo sapiens mRNA for membrane-type matrix metalloproteinase 3, complete cds. BC069500 - Homo sapiens matrix metallopeptidase 16 (membrane-inserted), mRNA (cDNA clone MGC:97171 IMAGE:7262415), complete cds. BC075004 - Homo sapiens matrix metallopeptidase 16 (membrane-inserted), mRNA (cDNA clone MGC:103992 IMAGE:30915400), complete cds. BC075005 - Homo sapiens matrix metallopeptidase 16 (membrane-inserted), mRNA (cDNA clone MGC:104153 IMAGE:30915613), complete cds. AK314274 - Homo sapiens cDNA, FLJ95028, Homo sapiens matrix metalloproteinase 16 (membrane-inserted)(MMP16), transcript variant 1, mRNA. D83647 - Homo sapiens mRNA for metalloproteinase, complete cds. CU686858 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens gateway clone IMAGE:100022669 5' read MMP16 mRNA. AL136588 - Homo sapiens mRNA; cDNA DKFZp761D112 (from clone DKFZp761D112). JD501768 - Sequence 482792 from Patent EP1572962. JD472966 - Sequence 453990 from Patent EP1572962. JD044496 - Sequence 25520 from Patent EP1572962. JD484304 - Sequence 465328 from Patent EP1572962. JD314246 - Sequence 295270 from Patent EP1572962. JD538112 - Sequence 519136 from Patent EP1572962. JD371206 - Sequence 352230 from Patent EP1572962. JD297323 - Sequence 278347 from Patent EP1572962. JD557009 - Sequence 538033 from Patent EP1572962. JD084059 - Sequence 65083 from Patent EP1572962. JD186645 - Sequence 167669 from Patent EP1572962. JD357365 - Sequence 338389 from Patent EP1572962. JD349133 - Sequence 330157 from Patent EP1572962. JD113822 - Sequence 94846 from Patent EP1572962. U79292 - Human clone 23734 mRNA sequence. JD056974 - Sequence 37998 from Patent EP1572962. JD502581 - Sequence 483605 from Patent EP1572962. JD315536 - Sequence 296560 from Patent EP1572962. JD241899 - Sequence 222923 from Patent EP1572962. JD163437 - Sequence 144461 from Patent EP1572962. JD173250 - Sequence 154274 from Patent EP1572962. JD511428 - Sequence 492452 from Patent EP1572962. JD535732 - Sequence 516756 from Patent EP1572962. JD261642 - Sequence 242666 from Patent EP1572962. JD556710 - Sequence 537734 from Patent EP1572962. JD566748 - Sequence 547772 from Patent EP1572962. JD445452 - Sequence 426476 from Patent EP1572962. JD066028 - Sequence 47052 from Patent EP1572962. JD215705 - Sequence 196729 from Patent EP1572962.
Biochemical and Signaling Pathways
Reactome (by CSHL, EBI, and GO)
Protein P51512 (Reactome details) participates in the following event(s):
R-HSA-1602466 Activation of MT-MMPs by FURIN R-HSA-1604360 Initial activation of proMMP2 by MMP14 R-HSA-1604741 Initial activation of proMMP13 by MMP14 (MT1-MMP) R-HSA-1592389 Activation of Matrix Metalloproteinases R-HSA-1474228 Degradation of the extracellular matrix R-HSA-1474244 Extracellular matrix organization
US Server
Sequence and Links to Tools and Databases 
Common Gene Haplotype Alleles 
