ID:OAS2_HUMAN DESCRIPTION: RecName: Full=2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthase 2; Short=(2-5')oligo(A) synthase 2; Short=2-5A synthase 2; EC=2.7.7.-; AltName: Full=p69 OAS / p71 OAS; Short=p69OAS / p71OAS; FUNCTION: Interferon-induced, dsRNA-activated antiviral enzyme which plays a critical role in cellular innate antiviral response. In addition, it may also play a role in other cellular processes such as apoptosis, cell growth, differentiation and gene regulation. Synthesizes higher oligomers of 2'-5'-oligoadenylates (2-5A) from ATP which then bind to the inactive monomeric form of ribonuclease L (RNase L) leading to its dimerization and subsequent activation. Activation of RNase L leads to degradation of cellular as well as viral RNA, resulting in the inhibition of protein synthesis, thus terminating viral replication. Can mediate the antiviral effect via the classical RNase L-dependent pathway or an alternative antiviral pathway independent of RNase L. CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Binds double-stranded RNA and polymerizes ATP into PPP(A2'P5'A)N oligomers, which activate the latent RNase L that, when activated, cleaves single-stranded RNAs. COFACTOR: Magnesium (Potential). ENZYME REGULATION: Produced as a latent enzyme which is activated by dsRNA generated during the course of viral infection. The dsRNA activator must be at least 15 nucleotides long, and no modification of the 2'-hydroxyl group is tolerated. ssRNA or dsDNA do not act as activators. BIOPHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES: Kinetic parameters: KM=2.1 mM for ATP; SUBUNIT: Homodimer. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. Cytoplasm, perinuclear region. Mitochondrion. Nucleus. Microsome. Endoplasmic reticulum. Note=Associated with different subcellular fractions such as mitochondrial, nuclear, and rough/smooth microsomal fractions. INDUCTION: By type I interferon (IFN) and viruses. PTM: Myristoylation is not essential for its activity. PTM: Glycosylated. Glycosylation is essential for its activity. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the 2-5A synthase family.
The RNAfold program from the Vienna RNA Package is used to perform the secondary structure predictions and folding calculations. The estimated folding energy is in kcal/mol. The more negative the energy, the more secondary structure the RNA is likely to have.
ModBase Predicted Comparative 3D Structure on P29728
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Orthologous Genes in Other Species
Orthologies between human, mouse, and rat are computed by taking the best BLASTP hit, and filtering out non-syntenic hits. For more distant species reciprocal-best BLASTP hits are used. Note that the absence of an ortholog in the table below may reflect incomplete annotations in the other species rather than a true absence of the orthologous gene.
Biological Process: GO:0002376 immune system process GO:0006139 nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process GO:0006401 RNA catabolic process GO:0006955 immune response GO:0009615 response to virus GO:0045087 innate immune response GO:0051607 defense response to virus GO:0060333 interferon-gamma-mediated signaling pathway GO:0060337 type I interferon signaling pathway GO:1903487 regulation of lactation
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Sequence and Links to Tools and Databases 
Common Gene Haplotype Alleles 
