Human Gene PLA2G4A (ENST00000367466.4_5) from GENCODE V47lift37
  Description: phospholipase A2 group IVA, transcript variant 1 (from RefSeq NM_024420.3)
Gencode Transcript: ENST00000367466.4_5
Gencode Gene: ENSG00000116711.10_7
Transcript (Including UTRs)
   Position: hg19 chr1:186,798,081-186,958,113 Size: 160,033 Total Exon Count: 18 Strand: +
Coding Region
   Position: hg19 chr1:186,823,487-186,957,640 Size: 134,154 Coding Exon Count: 17 

Page IndexSequence and LinksUniProtKB CommentsPrimersMalaCardsCTD
Gene AllelesRNA-Seq ExpressionMicroarray ExpressionRNA StructureProtein StructureOther Species
GO AnnotationsmRNA DescriptionsPathwaysOther NamesModel InformationMethods
Data last updated at UCSC: 2024-08-22 23:36:26

-  Sequence and Links to Tools and Databases
 
Genomic Sequence (chr1:186,798,081-186,958,113)mRNA (may differ from genome)Protein (749 aa)
Gene SorterGenome BrowserOther Species FASTAVisiGeneGene interactionsTable Schema
AlphaFoldBioGPSEnsemblEntrez GeneExonPrimerGeneCards
HGNCMalacardsMGIOMIMPubMedReactome
UniProtKBWikipediaBioGrid CRISPR DB

-  Comments and Description Text from UniProtKB
  ID: PA24A_HUMAN
DESCRIPTION: RecName: Full=Cytosolic phospholipase A2; Short=cPLA2; AltName: Full=Phospholipase A2 group IVA; Includes: RecName: Full=Phospholipase A2; EC=3.1.1.4; AltName: Full=Phosphatidylcholine 2-acylhydrolase; Includes: RecName: Full=Lysophospholipase; EC=3.1.1.5;
FUNCTION: Selectively hydrolyzes arachidonyl phospholipids in the sn-2 position releasing arachidonic acid. Together with its lysophospholipid activity, it is implicated in the initiation of the inflammatory response.
CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Phosphatidylcholine + H(2)O = 1- acylglycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate.
CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: 2-lysophosphatidylcholine + H(2)O = glycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate.
ENZYME REGULATION: Stimulated by agonists such as ATP, EGF, thrombin and bradykinin as well as by cytosolic Ca(2+).
BIOPHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES: Kinetic parameters: Vmax=2.7 umol/min/mg enzyme for the phospholipase A2 reaction; Vmax=4.6 umol/min/mg enzyme for the lysophosphatase reaction;
SUBUNIT: Interacts with KAT5.
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. Cytoplasmic vesicle. Note=Translocates to membrane vesicles in a calcium-dependent fashion.
TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Expressed in various tissues such as macrophages, platelets, neutrophils, fibroblasts and lung endothelium.
DOMAIN: The N-terminal C2 domain associates with lipid membranes upon calcium binding. It modulates enzyme activity by presenting the active site to its substrate in response to elevations of cytosolic Ca(2+).
PTM: Activated by phosphorylation at both Ser-505 and Ser-727.
SIMILARITY: Contains 1 C2 domain.
SIMILARITY: Contains 1 PLA2c domain.
WEB RESOURCE: Name=NIEHS-SNPs; URL="http://egp.gs.washington.edu/data/pla2g4a/";

-  Primer design for this transcript
 

Primer3Plus can design qPCR Primers that straddle exon-exon-junctions, which amplify only cDNA, not genomic DNA.
Click here to load the transcript sequence and exon structure into Primer3Plus

Exonprimer can design one pair of Sanger sequencing primers around every exon, located in non-genic sequence.
Click here to open Exonprimer with this transcript

To design primers for a non-coding sequence, zoom to a region of interest and select from the drop-down menu: View > In External Tools > Primer3


-  MalaCards Disease Associations
  MalaCards Gene Search: PLA2G4A
Diseases sorted by gene-association score: phospholipase a2, group iv a, deficiency of* (500), cryptogenic multifocal ulcerous stenosing enteritis* (350), cytosolic phospholipase-a2 alpha deficiency associated bleeding disorder* (350), krabbe disease (6), mood disorder (2), schizophrenia (1)
* = Manually curated disease association

-  Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD)
  The following chemicals interact with this gene           more ... click here to view the complete list

+  Common Gene Haplotype Alleles
  Press "+" in the title bar above to open this section.

-  RNA-Seq Expression Data from GTEx (53 Tissues, 570 Donors)
  Highest median expression: 16.38 RPKM in Bladder
Total median expression: 167.02 RPKM



View in GTEx track of Genome Browser    View at GTEx portal     View GTEx Body Map

+  Microarray Expression Data
  Press "+" in the title bar above to open this section.

-  mRNA Secondary Structure of 3' and 5' UTRs
 
RegionFold EnergyBasesEnergy/Base
Display As
5' UTR -37.30156-0.239 Picture PostScript Text
3' UTR -98.40473-0.208 Picture PostScript Text

The RNAfold program from the Vienna RNA Package is used to perform the secondary structure predictions and folding calculations. The estimated folding energy is in kcal/mol. The more negative the energy, the more secondary structure the RNA is likely to have.

-  Protein Domain and Structure Information
  InterPro Domains: Graphical view of domain structure
IPR016035 - Acyl_Trfase/lysoPLipase
IPR000008 - C2_Ca-dep
IPR008973 - C2_Ca/lipid-bd_dom_CaLB
IPR018029 - C2_membr_targeting
IPR002642 - LysoPLipase_cat_dom

Pfam Domains:
PF00168 - C2 domain
PF01735 - Lysophospholipase catalytic domain

SCOP Domains:
49562 - C2 domain (Calcium/lipid-binding domain, CaLB)
52151 - FabD/lysophospholipase-like

Protein Data Bank (PDB) 3-D Structure
MuPIT help
1BCI - NMR 1CJY - X-ray MuPIT 1RLW - X-ray MuPIT


ModBase Predicted Comparative 3D Structure on P47712
FrontTopSide
The pictures above may be empty if there is no ModBase structure for the protein. The ModBase structure frequently covers just a fragment of the protein. You may be asked to log onto ModBase the first time you click on the pictures. It is simplest after logging in to just click on the picture again to get to the specific info on that model.

-  Orthologous Genes in Other Species
  Orthologies between human, mouse, and rat are computed by taking the best BLASTP hit, and filtering out non-syntenic hits. For more distant species reciprocal-best BLASTP hits are used. Note that the absence of an ortholog in the table below may reflect incomplete annotations in the other species rather than a true absence of the orthologous gene.
MouseRatZebrafishD. melanogasterC. elegansS. cerevisiae
No orthologNo orthologNo orthologNo orthologNo orthologGenome Browser
Gene DetailsGene Details   Gene Details
Gene SorterGene Sorter   Gene Sorter
 RGDEnsembl  SGD
     Protein Sequence
     Alignment

-  Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations with Structured Vocabulary
  Molecular Function:
GO:0004620 phospholipase activity
GO:0004622 lysophospholipase activity
GO:0004623 phospholipase A2 activity
GO:0005509 calcium ion binding
GO:0005544 calcium-dependent phospholipid binding
GO:0008970 phosphatidylcholine 1-acylhydrolase activity
GO:0016787 hydrolase activity
GO:0046872 metal ion binding
GO:0047498 calcium-dependent phospholipase A2 activity

Biological Process:
GO:0006629 lipid metabolic process
GO:0006644 phospholipid metabolic process
GO:0006654 phosphatidic acid biosynthetic process
GO:0006663 platelet activating factor biosynthetic process
GO:0006690 icosanoid metabolic process
GO:0008152 metabolic process
GO:0009395 phospholipid catabolic process
GO:0016042 lipid catabolic process
GO:0019369 arachidonic acid metabolic process
GO:0035965 cardiolipin acyl-chain remodeling
GO:0036148 phosphatidylglycerol acyl-chain remodeling
GO:0036149 phosphatidylinositol acyl-chain remodeling
GO:0036150 phosphatidylserine acyl-chain remodeling
GO:0036151 phosphatidylcholine acyl-chain remodeling
GO:0036152 phosphatidylethanolamine acyl-chain remodeling
GO:0042127 regulation of cell proliferation
GO:0046456 icosanoid biosynthetic process
GO:0050482 arachidonic acid secretion
GO:0071236 cellular response to antibiotic

Cellular Component:
GO:0005737 cytoplasm
GO:0005743 mitochondrial inner membrane
GO:0005783 endoplasmic reticulum
GO:0005789 endoplasmic reticulum membrane
GO:0005794 Golgi apparatus
GO:0005811 lipid particle
GO:0005829 cytosol
GO:0031410 cytoplasmic vesicle


-  Descriptions from all associated GenBank mRNAs
  AK290336 - Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ75258 complete cds, highly similar to Homo sapiens phospholipase A2, group IVA (cytosolic, calcium-dependent) (PLA2G4A), mRNA.
M68874 - Homo sapiens phosphatidylcholine 2-acylhydrolase (cPLA2) mRNA, complete cds.
M72393 - Human calcium-dependent phospholipid-binding protein (PLA2) mRNA, complete cds.
AK302938 - Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ51413 complete cds, highly similar to Cytosolic phospholipase A2.
BC114340 - Homo sapiens phospholipase A2, group IVA (cytosolic, calcium-dependent), mRNA (cDNA clone MGC:126350 IMAGE:40034995), complete cds.
AB528034 - Synthetic construct DNA, clone: pF1KB5754, Homo sapiens PLA2G4A gene for phospholipase A2, group IVA, without stop codon, in Flexi system.
JD179235 - Sequence 160259 from Patent EP1572962.
JD318667 - Sequence 299691 from Patent EP1572962.
JD286275 - Sequence 267299 from Patent EP1572962.
JD515717 - Sequence 496741 from Patent EP1572962.
JD299158 - Sequence 280182 from Patent EP1572962.
JD524419 - Sequence 505443 from Patent EP1572962.
JD059247 - Sequence 40271 from Patent EP1572962.
JD239628 - Sequence 220652 from Patent EP1572962.

-  Biochemical and Signaling Pathways
  BioCyc Knowledge Library
LIPASYN-PWY - phospholipases

BioCarta from NCI Cancer Genome Anatomy Project
h_fcer1Pathway - Fc Epsilon Receptor I Signaling in Mast Cells
h_sppaPathway - Aspirin Blocks Signaling Pathway Involved in Platelet Activation
h_eicosanoidPathway - Eicosanoid Metabolism
h_p38mapkPathway - p38 MAPK Signaling Pathway

Reactome (by CSHL, EBI, and GO)

Protein P47712 (Reactome details) participates in the following event(s):

R-HSA-111881 Phospho-cPLA2 translocates to membranes when intracellular calcium levels increase
R-HSA-111898 Phosphorylation of cPLA2 by ERK-2
R-HSA-428961 Phosphorylation of cPLA2 by MAPK p38 alpha
R-HSA-111883 Hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholine
R-HSA-8848484 PLA2s hydrolyze phospholipids at the Golgi membrane
R-HSA-1482759 MLCL is hydrolyzed to DLCL by PLA2G4A (IM)
R-HSA-1482604 PA is hydrolyzed to 1-acyl LPA by PLA2[1] (OM)
R-HSA-1482656 PA is hydrolysed to 1-acyl LPA by PLA2[1]
R-HSA-1482900 PG is hydrolyzed to 1-acyl LPG by PLA2[1]
R-HSA-1482612 2-acyl LPC is hydrolyzed to GPCho by PLA2[8]
R-HSA-1482685 1-acyl LPC is hydrolyzed to GPCho by PLA2[8]
R-HSA-1482862 PC is hydrolysed to 2-acyl LPC by PLA2[7]
R-HSA-1482856 PC is hydrolyzed to 1-acyl LPC by PLA2[5]
R-HSA-1482828 PE is hydrolyzed to 2-acyl LPE by PLA2[4]
R-HSA-1482884 PE is hydrolyzed to 1-acyl LPE by PLA2[2]
R-HSA-1482825 PI is hydrolyzed to 1-acyl LPI by PLA2[11]
R-HSA-1482897 PS is hydrolyzed to 2-acyl LPS by PLA2[10]
R-HSA-1482771 PS is hydrolyzed to 1-acyl LPS by PLA2[9]
R-HSA-111995 phospho-PLA2 pathway
R-HSA-418592 ADP signalling through P2Y purinoceptor 1
R-HSA-432142 Platelet sensitization by LDL
R-HSA-111996 Ca-dependent events
R-HSA-392518 Signal amplification
R-HSA-418346 Platelet homeostasis
R-HSA-2142753 Arachidonic acid metabolism
R-HSA-112043 PLC beta mediated events
R-HSA-76002 Platelet activation, signaling and aggregation
R-HSA-109582 Hemostasis
R-HSA-6811436 COPI-independent Golgi-to-ER retrograde traffic
R-HSA-1482798 Acyl chain remodeling of CL
R-HSA-8978868 Fatty acid metabolism
R-HSA-112040 G-protein mediated events
R-HSA-1483166 Synthesis of PA
R-HSA-1482925 Acyl chain remodelling of PG
R-HSA-1483115 Hydrolysis of LPC
R-HSA-1482788 Acyl chain remodelling of PC
R-HSA-1482839 Acyl chain remodelling of PE
R-HSA-1482922 Acyl chain remodelling of PI
R-HSA-1482801 Acyl chain remodelling of PS
R-HSA-8856688 Golgi-to-ER retrograde transport
R-HSA-1483206 Glycerophospholipid biosynthesis
R-HSA-556833 Metabolism of lipids
R-HSA-111885 Opioid Signalling
R-HSA-6811442 Intra-Golgi and retrograde Golgi-to-ER traffic
R-HSA-1483257 Phospholipid metabolism
R-HSA-1430728 Metabolism
R-HSA-418594 G alpha (i) signalling events
R-HSA-199991 Membrane Trafficking
R-HSA-388396 GPCR downstream signalling
R-HSA-5653656 Vesicle-mediated transport
R-HSA-372790 Signaling by GPCR
R-HSA-162582 Signal Transduction

-  Other Names for This Gene
  Alternate Gene Symbols: B1AKG4, CPLA2, ENST00000367466.1, ENST00000367466.2, ENST00000367466.3, NM_024420, P47712, PA24A_HUMAN, PLA2G4, Q29R80, uc318fyd.1, uc318fyd.2
UCSC ID: ENST00000367466.4_5
RefSeq Accession: NM_024420.3
Protein: P47712 (aka PA24A_HUMAN or PA4A_HUMAN)

-  Gene Model Information
  Click here for a detailed description of the fields of the table above.

-  Methods, Credits, and Use Restrictions
  Click here for details on how this gene model was made and data restrictions if any.