Human Gene PLAU (ENST00000372764.4_7) from GENCODE V47lift37
Description: plasminogen activator, urokinase, transcript variant 1 (from RefSeq NM_002658.6)
Gencode Transcript: ENST00000372764.4_7
Gencode Gene: ENSG00000122861.16_10
Transcript (Including UTRs)
Position: hg19 chr10:75,670,890-75,677,252 Size: 6,363 Total Exon Count: 11 Strand: +
Coding Region
Position: hg19 chr10:75,671,314-75,676,323 Size: 5,010 Coding Exon Count: 10
Data last updated at UCSC: 2024-08-22 23:36:26
Sequence and Links to Tools and Databases
Comments and Description Text from UniProtKB
ID: UROK_HUMAN
DESCRIPTION: RecName: Full=Urokinase-type plasminogen activator; Short=U-plasminogen activator; Short=uPA; EC=3.4.21.73; Contains: RecName: Full=Urokinase-type plasminogen activator long chain A; Contains: RecName: Full=Urokinase-type plasminogen activator short chain A; Contains: RecName: Full=Urokinase-type plasminogen activator chain B; Flags: Precursor;
FUNCTION: Specifically cleave the zymogen plasminogen to form the active enzyme plasmin.CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Specific cleavage of Arg-|-Val bond in plasminogen to form plasmin.ENZYME REGULATION: Inhibited by SERPINA5.SUBUNIT: Found in high and low molecular mass forms. Each consists of two chains, A and B. The high molecular mass form contains a long chain A which is cleaved to yield a short chain A. Forms heterodimer with SERPINA5. Binds LRP1B; binding is followed by internalization and degradation. Interacts with MRC2. Interacts with PLAUR.SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted.TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Expressed in the prostate gland and prostate cancers.PTM: Phosphorylation of Ser-158 and Ser-323 abolishes proadhesive ability but does not interfere with receptor binding.DISEASE: Defects in PLAU are the cause of Quebec platelet disorder (QPD) [MIM:601709] . QPD is an autosomal dominant bleeding disorder due to a gain-of-function defect in fibrinolysis. Although affected individuals do not exhibit systemic fibrinolysis, they show delayed onset bleeding after challenge, such as surgery. The hallmark of the disorder is markedly increased PLAU levels within platelets, which causes intraplatelet plasmin generation and secondary degradation of alpha-granule proteins.PHARMACEUTICAL: Available under the name Abbokinase (Abbott). Used in Pulmonary Embolism (PE) to initiate fibrinolysis. Clinically used for therapy of thrombolytic disorders.SIMILARITY: Belongs to the peptidase S1 family.SIMILARITY: Contains 1 EGF-like domain.SIMILARITY: Contains 1 kringle domain.SIMILARITY: Contains 1 peptidase S1 domain.WEB RESOURCE: Name=Wikipedia; Note=Urokinase entry; URL="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urokinase";WEB RESOURCE: Name=SeattleSNPs; URL="http://pga.gs.washington.edu/data/plau/";
Primer design for this transcript
MalaCards Disease Associations
MalaCards Gene Search: PLAU
Diseases sorted by gene-association score: quebec platelet disorder * (1400), factor v deficiency * (283), alzheimer disease * (256), ureter cancer (19), angiostrongyliasis (13), eosinophilic meningitis (11), endometrial adenosquamous carcinoma (11), perforated corneal ulcer (10), cornea cancer (10), intratubular embryonal carcinoma (10), conjunctivochalasis (9), buerger disease (8), paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (8), ovarian cyst (8), fibrosarcoma (8), joint disorders (7), abdominal aortic aneurysm (7), paranasal sinus disease (6), chronic meningitis (5), breast adenocarcinoma (5), colorectal cancer (4), stomach cancer (4), ovarian cancer, somatic (4), lung cancer (4), prostate cancer (4), alzheimer disease-2 (3), breast cancer (3), pancreatic cancer (3), kallmann syndrome (1), combined t cell and b cell immunodeficiency (1)* = Manually curated disease association
Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD)
The following chemicals interact with this gene
D003907
Dexamethasone
D013749
Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin
D000584
Amiloride
D001564
Benzo(a)pyrene
D002251
Carbon Tetrachloride
D002392
Catechin
D003474
Curcumin
D004317
Doxorubicin
D005492
Folic Acid
D019833
Genistein
D008070
Lipopolysaccharides
D009151
Mustard Gas
D009538
Nicotine
D010936
Plant Extracts
D011794
Quercetin
C017947
sodium arsenite
C025205
1,10-phenanthroline
C111118
2',3,3',4',5-pentachloro-4-hydroxybiphenyl
C078765
2,3,5-(triglutathion-S-yl)hydroquinone
C093973
2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one
C016392
3,3'-diindolylmethane
C106592
3,9-bis((ethylthio)methyl)-K-252a
C090942
4-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-5-(4-pyridyl)imidazole
C016583
4-(N-methyl-N-nitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone
C006500
4-aminobenzamidine
C097398
4-iodine-benzo(b)thiophene-2-carboxamidine
D015127
9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene
C547126
AZM551248
D000079
Acetaldehyde
D000111
Acetylcysteine
D000255
Adenosine Triphosphate
D016604
Aflatoxin B1
D000393
Air Pollutants
D000643
Ammonium Chloride
D017638
Asbestos, Crocidolite
C038328
BEP protocol
C469298
CEP-11004
D002104
Cadmium
D019256
Cadmium Chloride
D002211
Capsaicin
D002235
Carbofuran
D002794
Choline
D002945
Cisplatin
D002995
Clofibric Acid
D019327
Copper Sulfate
D003520
Cyclophosphamide
D003609
Dactinomycin
D003676
Deferoxamine
D004052
Diethylnitrosamine
D004391
Dust
D004958
Estradiol
D000431
Ethanol
D005047
Etoposide
D005227
Fatty Acids
D005472
Fluorouracil
D006820
Hyaluronic Acid
D007052
Ibuprofen
D007213
Indomethacin
D007545
Isoproterenol
C060893
L 663536
D018021
Lithium Chloride
D058185
Magnetite Nanoparticles
D008715
Methionine
D008731
Methoxychlor
D008748
Methylcholanthrene
D016685
Mitomycin
D009950
Ornidazole
D010100
Oxygen
D010126
Ozone
C568608
PCI 5002
D010269
Paraquat
D052638
Particulate Matter
D011374
Progesterone
C573121
ProstaCaid
D011509
Proteoglycans
D020849
Raloxifene
D012433
Ryanodine
C429533
SB 3CT compound
C118258
SN50 peptide
D012822
Silicon Dioxide
D019821
Simvastatin
D013311
Streptozocin
D004113
Succimer
D013629
Tamoxifen
D013755
Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate
D013792
Thalidomide
D014108
Tosylphenylalanyl Chloromethyl Ketone
D014260
Triclosan
D014403
Tubocurarine
C113580
U 0126
D017974
Uranium Compounds
D014638
Vanadates
D014639
Vanadium
D014747
Vinblastine
D015032
Zinc
C109682
alpha-benzoylamino-1,4-naphthoquinone
C006578
anethole
C432165
anthra(1,9-cd)pyrazol-6(2H)-one
C006632
arsenic trioxide
C065179
atorvastatin
C010038
azelaic acid
C006680
baicalein
C044946
benazepril
C034786
bis(4-hydroxycinnamoyl)methane
C018021
cobaltous chloride
C488369
dasatinib
C014347
decitabine
C050229
demethoxycurcumin
C045651
epigallocatechin gallate
C020326
ferric nitrilotriacetate
C039281
furan
C001277
geldanamycin
C056507
gemcitabine
C016517
indole-3-carbinol
C572783
kuguacin J
C106335
macrophage stimulatory lipopeptide 2
C013592
mangiferin
C406082
monomethylarsonous acid
C029938
nickel sulfate
C020972
pyrrolidine dithiocarbamic acid
C059514
resveratrol
C025462
sulindac sulfide
C084178
telmisartan
C009954
trilostane
C057693
troglitazone
C010807
xylosides
C088658
zoledronic acid
Common Gene Haplotype Alleles
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RNA-Seq Expression Data from GTEx (53 Tissues, 570 Donors)
Microarray Expression Data
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mRNA Secondary Structure of 3' and 5' UTRs
The RNAfold program from the Vienna RNA Package is used to perform the secondary structure predictions and folding calculations. The estimated folding energy is in kcal/mol. The more negative the energy, the more secondary structure the RNA is likely to have.
Protein Domain and Structure Information
InterPro Domains: Graphical view of domain structure IPR000742 - EG-like_dom
IPR013032 - EGF-like_CS
IPR000001 - Kringle
IPR013806 - Kringle-like
IPR018056 - Kringle_CS
IPR009003 - Pept_cys/ser_Trypsin-like
IPR018114 - Peptidase_S1/S6_AS
IPR001254 - Peptidase_S1_S6
IPR001314 - Peptidase_S1A
Pfam Domains: PF00051 - Kringle domain
PF00089 - Trypsin
SCOP Domains: 50494 - Trypsin-like serine proteases
57440 - Kringle-like
57196 - EGF/Laminin
Protein Data Bank (PDB) 3-D Structure
ModBase Predicted Comparative 3D Structure on P00749
The pictures above may be empty if there is no ModBase structure for the protein. The ModBase structure frequently covers just a fragment of the protein. You may be asked to log onto ModBase the first time you click on the pictures. It is simplest after logging in to just click on the picture again to get to the specific info on that model.
Orthologous Genes in Other Species
Orthologies between human, mouse, and rat are computed by taking the best BLASTP hit, and filtering out non-syntenic hits. For more distant species reciprocal-best BLASTP hits are used. Note that the absence of an ortholog in the table below may reflect incomplete annotations in the other species rather than a true absence of the orthologous gene.
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations with Structured Vocabulary
Descriptions from all associated GenBank mRNAs
LF212558 - JP 2014500723-A/20061: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.AK312960 - Homo sapiens cDNA, FLJ93417, highly similar to Homo sapiens plasminogen activator, urokinase (PLAU), mRNA.AK298560 - Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ57137 complete cds, highly similar to Urokinase-type plasminogen activator precursor (EC 3.4.21.73).AK297940 - Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ53742 complete cds, highly similar to Urokinase-type plasminogen activator precursor (EC 3.4.21.73).LF209952 - JP 2014500723-A/17455: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.BC013575 - Homo sapiens plasminogen activator, urokinase, mRNA (cDNA clone MGC:9223 IMAGE:3890980), complete cds.A18397 - Human uPA cDNA.E00924 - cDNA encoding human pro-urokinase.E01238 - cDNA encoding human pre prourokinase.E01559 - cDNA sequence coding for human prepro-urokinese.E01580 - cDNA encoding human pro-urokinase.E02114 - cDNA sequence coding for human prourokinase.AH007073 - Homo sapiens chromosome 10 preprourokinase (PLAU) mRNA, complete cds.E01560 - cDNA sequence coding for human mature urokinase and its.E00178 - cDNA encoding human urokinase.M15476 - Human pro-urokinase mRNA, complete cds.D00244 - Homo sapiens mRNA for pro-urokinase precursor, complete cds.E01467 - DNA encoding human prourokinase.LF213792 - JP 2014500723-A/21295: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.A35395 - H.sapiens u-PA cDNA sequence.X02760 - Human mRNA for urokinase (EC 3.4.99.26).AY029537 - Homo sapiens urokinase-type plasminogen activator amino-terminal fragment (ATF) mRNA, complete cds.DQ893817 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone IMAGE:100008277; FLH164685.01L; RZPDo839A09157D plasminogen activator, urokinase (PLAU) gene, encodes complete protein.AB528526 - Synthetic construct DNA, clone: pF1KB6608, Homo sapiens PLAU gene for plasminogen activator, urokinase, without stop codon, in Flexi system.CU680620 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens gateway clone IMAGE:100017252 5' read PLAU mRNA.KJ897341 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone ccsbBroadEn_06735 PLAU gene, encodes complete protein.KJ905272 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone ccsbBroadEn_14769 PLAU gene, encodes complete protein.KR709719 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone CCSBHm_00005345 PLAU (PLAU) mRNA, encodes complete protein.E01603 - DNA sequence coding for epidermal growth factor domain of human prourokinase.E01604 - DNA sequence coding for epidermal growth factor domain of modified human prourokinase.BT007391 - Homo sapiens plasminogen activator, urokinase mRNA, complete cds.E02577 - DNA encoding human prourokinase.E02647 - DNA sequence coding for pro-urokinase.E06063 - DNA encoding human urokinase derivative.E06064 - DNA encoding human urokinase.E00421 - cDNA coding urokinase and its flanking region.AY820134 - Homo sapiens urokinase plasminogen activator mRNA, partial cds.D11143 - Homo sapiens upa mRNA for urokinase-type plasminogen activater, partial cds.E02493 - cDNA encoding precursor of plasminogen activator.E02832 - DNA encoding human pro-urokinase.E02833 - DNA encoding human pro-urokinase.E03359 - cDNA encoding human prourokinase.LF333157 - JP 2014500723-A/140660: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.LF333158 - JP 2014500723-A/140661: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.AB208961 - Homo sapiens mRNA for urokinase plasminogen activator preproprotein variant protein.LF333159 - JP 2014500723-A/140662: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.LF333160 - JP 2014500723-A/140663: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.LF333161 - JP 2014500723-A/140664: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.Z36790 - H.sapiens (xs139) mRNA, 375bp.LF333162 - JP 2014500723-A/140665: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.LF333163 - JP 2014500723-A/140666: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.JD466903 - Sequence 447927 from Patent EP1572962.JD477530 - Sequence 458554 from Patent EP1572962.LF333164 - JP 2014500723-A/140667: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.JD347806 - Sequence 328830 from Patent EP1572962.JD464352 - Sequence 445376 from Patent EP1572962.JD089674 - Sequence 70698 from Patent EP1572962.JD469357 - Sequence 450381 from Patent EP1572962.LF333165 - JP 2014500723-A/140668: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.JD205466 - Sequence 186490 from Patent EP1572962.JD061303 - Sequence 42327 from Patent EP1572962.JD229076 - Sequence 210100 from Patent EP1572962.JD526565 - Sequence 507589 from Patent EP1572962.JD438431 - Sequence 419455 from Patent EP1572962.JD051738 - Sequence 32762 from Patent EP1572962.JD156141 - Sequence 137165 from Patent EP1572962.JD495386 - Sequence 476410 from Patent EP1572962.LF333166 - JP 2014500723-A/140669: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.JD099000 - Sequence 80024 from Patent EP1572962.JD110378 - Sequence 91402 from Patent EP1572962.LF333167 - JP 2014500723-A/140670: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.MA448135 - JP 2018138019-A/20061: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.MA445529 - JP 2018138019-A/17455: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.MA449369 - JP 2018138019-A/21295: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.MA568734 - JP 2018138019-A/140660: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.MA568735 - JP 2018138019-A/140661: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.MA568736 - JP 2018138019-A/140662: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.MA568737 - JP 2018138019-A/140663: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.MA568738 - JP 2018138019-A/140664: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.MA568739 - JP 2018138019-A/140665: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.MA568740 - JP 2018138019-A/140666: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.MA568741 - JP 2018138019-A/140667: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.MA568742 - JP 2018138019-A/140668: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.MA568743 - JP 2018138019-A/140669: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.MA568744 - JP 2018138019-A/140670: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.
Biochemical and Signaling Pathways
BioCarta from NCI Cancer Genome Anatomy Project h_fibrinolysisPathway - Fibrinolysis Pathway
h_plateletAppPathway - Platelet Amyloid Precursor Protein Pathway
Reactome (by CSHL, EBI, and GO) Protein P00749 (Reactome details) participates in the following event(s):R-HSA-158959 urokinase plasminogen activator + urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) -> urokinase plasminogen activator:uPAR
R-HSA-158942 urokinase plasminogen activator (one-chain):uPAR -> urokinase plasminogen activator (two-chain):uPAR
R-HSA-6799350 Exocytosis of specific granule membrane proteins
R-HSA-6798747 Exocytosis of tertiary granule membrane proteins
R-HSA-158982 plasminogen:histidine-rich glycoprotein -> plasmin + histidine-rich glycoprotein (uPA [one-chain] catalyst)
R-HSA-159001 urokinase plasminogen activator (two-chain):uPAR + plasminogen activator inhibitor 2 (PAI-2) -> PAI-2:urokinase plasminogen activator (two-chain):uPAR
R-HSA-159005 urokinase plasminogen activator (two-chain):uPAR + plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) -> PAI-1:urokinase plasminogen activator (two-chain):uPAR
R-HSA-158925 plasminogen:histidine-rich glycoprotein -> plasmin + histidine-rich glycoprotein (uPA [two-chain] catalyst)
R-HSA-75205 Dissolution of Fibrin Clot
R-HSA-6798695 Neutrophil degranulation
R-HSA-109582 Hemostasis
R-HSA-168249 Innate Immune System
R-HSA-168256 Immune System
Other Names for This Gene
Alternate Gene Symbols: B4DPZ2, ENST00000372764.1, ENST00000372764.2, ENST00000372764.3, NM_002658, P00749, PLAU , Q15844, Q16618, Q53XS3, Q5SWW9, Q969W6, uc318ker.1, uc318ker.2, UROK_HUMANUCSC ID: ENST00000372764.4_7RefSeq Accession: NM_002658.6
Protein: P00749
(aka UROK_HUMAN)
Gene Model Information
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for a detailed description of the fields of the table above.
Methods, Credits, and Use Restrictions
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for details on how this gene model was made and data restrictions if any.