ID:AAKG1_HUMAN DESCRIPTION: RecName: Full=5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-1; Short=AMPK gamma1; Short=AMPK subunit gamma-1; Short=AMPKg; FUNCTION: AMP/ATP-binding subunit of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), an energy sensor protein kinase that plays a key role in regulating cellular energy metabolism. In response to reduction of intracellular ATP levels, AMPK activates energy-producing pathways and inhibits energy-consuming processes: inhibits protein, carbohydrate and lipid biosynthesis, as well as cell growth and proliferation. AMPK acts via direct phosphorylation of metabolic enzymes, and by longer-term effects via phosphorylation of transcription regulators. Also acts as a regulator of cellular polarity by remodeling the actin cytoskeleton; probably by indirectly activating myosin. Gamma non-catalytic subunit mediates binding to AMP, ADP and ATP, leading to activate or inhibit AMPK: AMP-binding results in allosteric activation of alpha catalytic subunit (PRKAA1 or PRKAA2) both by inducing phosphorylation and preventing dephosphorylation of catalytic subunits. ADP also stimulates phosphorylation, without stimulating already phosphorylated catalytic subunit. ATP promotes dephosphorylation of catalytic subunit, rendering the AMPK enzyme inactive. SUBUNIT: AMPK is a heterotrimer of an alpha catalytic subunit (PRKAA1 or PRKAA2), a beta (PRKAB1 or PRKAB2) and a gamma non- catalytic subunits (PRKAG1, PRKAG2 or PRKAG3). Interacts with FNIP1 and FNIP2. INTERACTION: Q9Y478:PRKAB1; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-1181439, EBI-719769; O43741:PRKAB2; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-1181439, EBI-1053424; DOMAIN: The AMPK pseudosubstrate motif resembles the sequence around sites phosphorylated on target proteins of AMPK, except the presence of a non-phosphorylatable residue in place of Ser. In the absence of AMP this pseudosubstrate sequence may bind to the active site groove on the alpha subunit (PRKAA1 or PRKAA2), preventing phosphorylation by the upstream activating kinase STK11/LKB1. DOMAIN: The CBS domains mediate binding to AMP, ADP and ATP. 2 sites bind either AMP or ATP, whereas a third site contains a tightly bound AMP that does not exchange. Under physiological conditions AMPK mainly exists in its inactive form in complex with ATP, which is much more abundant than AMP. PTM: Phosphorylated by ULK1 and ULK2; leading to negatively regulate AMPK activity and suggesting the existence of a regulatory feedback loop between ULK1, ULK2 and AMPK. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase gamma subunit family. SIMILARITY: Contains 4 CBS domains.
The RNAfold program from the Vienna RNA Package is used to perform the secondary structure predictions and folding calculations. The estimated folding energy is in kcal/mol. The more negative the energy, the more secondary structure the RNA is likely to have.
ModBase Predicted Comparative 3D Structure on P54619
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Orthologous Genes in Other Species
Orthologies between human, mouse, and rat are computed by taking the best BLASTP hit, and filtering out non-syntenic hits. For more distant species reciprocal-best BLASTP hits are used. Note that the absence of an ortholog in the table below may reflect incomplete annotations in the other species rather than a true absence of the orthologous gene.
LF210434 - JP 2014500723-A/17937: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs. AK097606 - Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ40287 fis, clone TESTI2027909, highly similar to 5'-AMP-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE, GAMMA-1 SUBUNIT. BC000358 - Homo sapiens protein kinase, AMP-activated, gamma 1 non-catalytic subunit, mRNA (cDNA clone MGC:8666 IMAGE:2964434), complete cds. AK307994 - Homo sapiens cDNA, FLJ97942. U42412 - Human 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase, gamma-1 subunit mRNA, complete cds. LF337894 - JP 2014500723-A/145397: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs. JD386919 - Sequence 367943 from Patent EP1572962. JD253019 - Sequence 234043 from Patent EP1572962. JD085952 - Sequence 66976 from Patent EP1572962. AK293332 - Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ58311 complete cds, highly similar to 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-1. JD455807 - Sequence 436831 from Patent EP1572962. JD337329 - Sequence 318353 from Patent EP1572962. LF337895 - JP 2014500723-A/145398: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs. JD095578 - Sequence 76602 from Patent EP1572962. JD537092 - Sequence 518116 from Patent EP1572962. JD318580 - Sequence 299604 from Patent EP1572962. KJ891885 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone ccsbBroadEn_01279 PRKAG1 gene, encodes complete protein. KJ905283 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone ccsbBroadEn_14783 PRKAG1 gene, encodes complete protein. BT007345 - Homo sapiens protein kinase, AMP-activated, gamma 1 non-catalytic subunit mRNA, complete cds. AB464094 - Synthetic construct DNA, clone: pF1KB5406, Homo sapiens PRKAG1 gene for protein kinase, AMP-activated, gamma 1 non-catalytic subunit, without stop codon, in Flexi system. AK310250 - Homo sapiens cDNA, FLJ17292. AK303276 - Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ60059 complete cds, highly similar to 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-1. MA446011 - JP 2018138019-A/17937: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs. MA573471 - JP 2018138019-A/145397: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs. MA573472 - JP 2018138019-A/145398: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.
Biochemical and Signaling Pathways
BioCarta from NCI Cancer Genome Anatomy Project h_leptinPathway - Reversal of Insulin Resistance by Leptin h_akap13Pathway - Rho-Selective Guanine Exchange Factor AKAP13 Mediates Stress Fiber Formation h_chrebpPathway - ChREBP regulation by carbohydrates and cAMP h_akap95Pathway - AKAP95 role in mitosis and chromosome dynamics h_akapCentrosomePathway - Protein Kinase A at the Centrosome
Reactome (by CSHL, EBI, and GO)
Protein P54619 (Reactome details) participates in the following event(s):
US Server
Sequence and Links to Tools and Databases 
Common Gene Haplotype Alleles 
