ID:RTN4_HUMAN DESCRIPTION: RecName: Full=Reticulon-4; AltName: Full=Foocen; AltName: Full=Neurite outgrowth inhibitor; Short=Nogo protein; AltName: Full=Neuroendocrine-specific protein; Short=NSP; AltName: Full=Neuroendocrine-specific protein C homolog; AltName: Full=RTN-x; AltName: Full=Reticulon-5; FUNCTION: Developmental neurite growth regulatory factor with a role as a negative regulator of axon-axon adhesion and growth, and as a facilitator of neurite branching. Regulates neurite fasciculation, branching and extension in the developing nervous system. Involved in down-regulation of growth, stabilization of wiring and restriction of plasticity in the adult CNS. Regulates the radial migration of cortical neurons via an RTN4R-LINGO1 containing receptor complex (By similarity). Isoform 2 reduces the anti-apoptotic activity of Bcl-xl and Bcl-2. This is likely consecutive to their change in subcellular location, from the mitochondria to the endoplasmic reticulum, after binding and sequestration. Isoform 2 and isoform 3 inhibit BACE1 activity and amyloid precursor protein processing. SUBUNIT: Binds to RTN4R. Interacts with Bcl-xl and Bcl-2. Isoform 2 binds to NGBR and RTN3. Isoform 2 and isoform 3 interact with BACE1 and BACE2. Interacts with RTN4IP1. Interacts with ATL1. INTERACTION: Q8WXF7:ATL1; NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-715972, EBI-2410266; SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. Note=Anchored to the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum through 2 putative transmembrane domains. TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Isoform 1 is specifically expressed in brain and testis and weakly in heart and skeletal muscle. Isoform 2 is widely expressed except for the liver. Isoform 3 is expressed in brain, skeletal muscle and adipocytes. Isoform 4 is testis- specific. DOMAIN: Three regions, residues 59-172, 544-725 and the loop 66 amino acids, between the two transmembrane domains, known as Nogo- 66 loop, appear to be responsible for the inhibitory effect on neurite outgrowth and the spreading of neurons. This Nogo-66 loop, mediates also the binding of RTN4 to its receptor (By similarity). SIMILARITY: Contains 1 reticulon domain. SEQUENCE CAUTION: Sequence=AAD39920.1; Type=Frameshift; Positions=1149, 1156; Sequence=AAG43160.1; Type=Erroneous initiation; Note=Translation N-terminally extended; Sequence=AAG43160.1; Type=Frameshift; Positions=684, 700; Sequence=BAA74909.2; Type=Erroneous initiation; Note=Translation N-terminally shortened; WEB RESOURCE: Name=SHMPD; Note=The Singapore human mutation and polymorphism database; URL="http://shmpd.bii.a-star.edu.sg/gene.php?genestart=R&genename=RTN4+%40+NOGO"; WEB RESOURCE: Name=Protein Spotlight; Note=Nerve regrowth: nipped by a no-go - Issue 69 of April 2006; URL="http://web.expasy.org/spotlight/back_issues/sptlt069.shtml"; WEB RESOURCE: Name=Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology; URL="http://atlasgeneticsoncology.org/Genes/RTN4ID42182ch2p16.html";
The RNAfold program from the Vienna RNA Package is used to perform the secondary structure predictions and folding calculations. The estimated folding energy is in kcal/mol. The more negative the energy, the more secondary structure the RNA is likely to have.
ModBase Predicted Comparative 3D Structure on Q9NQC3
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Orthologous Genes in Other Species
Orthologies between human, mouse, and rat are computed by taking the best BLASTP hit, and filtering out non-syntenic hits. For more distant species reciprocal-best BLASTP hits are used. Note that the absence of an ortholog in the table below may reflect incomplete annotations in the other species rather than a true absence of the orthologous gene.
US Server
Sequence and Links to Tools and Databases 
Common Gene Haplotype Alleles 
