ID:TAOK1_HUMAN DESCRIPTION: RecName: Full=Serine/threonine-protein kinase TAO1; EC=2.7.11.1; AltName: Full=Kinase from chicken homolog B; Short=hKFC-B; AltName: Full=MARK Kinase; Short=MARKK; AltName: Full=Prostate-derived sterile 20-like kinase 2; Short=PSK-2; Short=PSK2; Short=Prostate-derived STE20-like kinase 2; AltName: Full=Thousand and one amino acid protein kinase 1; Short=TAOK1; Short=hTAOK1; FUNCTION: Serine/threonine-protein kinase involved in various processes such as p38/MAPK14 stress-activated MAPK cascade, DNA damage response and regulation of cytoskeleton stability. Phosphorylates MAP2K3, MAP2K6 and MARK2. Acts as an activator of the p38/MAPK14 stress-activated MAPK cascade by mediating phosphorylation and subsequent activation of the upstream MAP2K3 and MAP2K6 kinases. Involved in G-protein coupled receptor signaling to p38/MAPK14. In response to DNA damage, involved in the G2/M transition DNA damage checkpoint by activating the p38/MAPK14 stress-activated MAPK cascade, probably by mediating phosphorylation of MAP2K3 and MAP2K6. Acts as a regulator of cytoskeleton stability by phosphorylating 'Thr-208' of MARK2, leading to activate MARK2 kinase activity and subsequent phosphorylation and detachment of MAPT/TAU from microtubules. Also acts as a regulator of apoptosis: regulates apoptotic morphological changes, including cell contraction, membrane blebbing and apoptotic bodies formation via activation of the MAPK8/JNK cascade. CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: ATP + a protein = ADP + a phosphoprotein. ENZYME REGULATION: Serine/threonine-protein kinase activity is inhibited by SPRED1. SUBUNIT: Self-associates. Interacts with MAP2K3 (By similarity). Interacts with SPRED1 and TESK1. Interacts with MAP3K7. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Highly expressed in the testis, and to a lower extent also expressed in brain, placenta, colon and skeletal muscle. INDUCTION: In response to DNA damage. PTM: Proteolytically processed by caspase-3 (CASP3). PTM: Autophosphorylated (By similarity). Phosphorylated by ATM in response to DNA damage. Phosphorylated by LRRK2. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. STE Ser/Thr protein kinase family. STE20 subfamily. SIMILARITY: Contains 1 protein kinase domain. CAUTION: Was initially thought to play a role in the spindle checkpoint (PubMed:17417629). However, it was later shown that it is not the case and that phenotypes initially observed are the cause of the siRNA used that has an off-target effect resulting in MAD2L1 inhibition (PubMed:19904549 and PubMed:20162290). SEQUENCE CAUTION: Sequence=BAA92599.1; Type=Erroneous initiation; Note=Translation N-terminally shortened;
The RNAfold program from the Vienna RNA Package is used to perform the secondary structure predictions and folding calculations. The estimated folding energy is in kcal/mol. The more negative the energy, the more secondary structure the RNA is likely to have.
Pfam Domains: PF00069 - Protein kinase domain PF07714 - Protein tyrosine and serine/threonine kinase
SCOP Domains: 56112 - Protein kinase-like (PK-like)
ModBase Predicted Comparative 3D Structure on Q7L7X3
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Orthologous Genes in Other Species
Orthologies between human, mouse, and rat are computed by taking the best BLASTP hit, and filtering out non-syntenic hits. For more distant species reciprocal-best BLASTP hits are used. Note that the absence of an ortholog in the table below may reflect incomplete annotations in the other species rather than a true absence of the orthologous gene.
Biological Process: GO:0000186 activation of MAPKK activity GO:0000187 activation of MAPK activity GO:0006281 DNA repair GO:0006468 protein phosphorylation GO:0006915 apoptotic process GO:0006974 cellular response to DNA damage stimulus GO:0007095 mitotic G2 DNA damage checkpoint GO:0007257 activation of JUN kinase activity GO:0007346 regulation of mitotic cell cycle GO:0007399 nervous system development GO:0016310 phosphorylation GO:0032874 positive regulation of stress-activated MAPK cascade GO:0032956 regulation of actin cytoskeleton organization GO:0042981 regulation of apoptotic process GO:0046330 positive regulation of JNK cascade GO:0046777 protein autophosphorylation GO:0051493 regulation of cytoskeleton organization GO:0070507 regulation of microtubule cytoskeleton organization GO:0097194 execution phase of apoptosis
AB037782 - Homo sapiens KIAA1361 mRNA for KIAA1361 protein. BC133039 - Homo sapiens TAO kinase 1, mRNA (cDNA clone MGC:164670 IMAGE:40147061), complete cds. BC144067 - Homo sapiens TAO kinase 1, mRNA (cDNA clone MGC:177604 IMAGE:9052587), complete cds. AY049015 - Homo sapiens serine/threonine kinase TAO1 mRNA, complete cds. AB385456 - Synthetic construct DNA, clone: pF1KA1361, Homo sapiens TAOK1 gene for serine/threonine-protein kinase TAO1, complete cds, without stop codon, in Flexi system. AF263312 - Homo sapiens STE20-like kinase mRNA, partial cds. HZ409412 - JP 2015528002-A/2009: CHIRAL CONTROL. LG052746 - KR 1020150036642-A/2012: CHIRAL CONTROL. HZ083215 - JP 2015513906-A/572: Stem Cell Microparticles. HZ436996 - JP 2015529450-A/572: Stem Cell Microparticles. HZ481704 - JP 2015535430-A/2210: TERMINALLY MODIFIED RNA. HZ791635 - JP 2016504050-A/3380: SIGNAL-SENSOR POLYNUCLEOTIDES FOR THE ALTERATION OF CELLULAR PHENOTYPES. JC172200 - Sequence 572 from Patent WO2013150303. JC514367 - Sequence 4620 from Patent WO2014113089. JC573011 - Sequence 572 from Patent WO2014125276. JC582699 - Sequence 572 from Patent WO2014125277. JE954395 - Sequence 572 from Patent WO2015052526. JE956148 - Sequence 572 from Patent WO2015052527. LF137900 - JP 2016507550-A/572: Method of Producing Microparticles. LF160924 - JP 2016513950-A/990: Oligomers with improved off-target profile. LF162865 - JP 2016513095-A/572: Stem Cell Microparticles and miRNA. LF953617 - JP 2016534103-A/572: Stem Cell Microparticles and miRNA. LG005962 - KR 1020150004822-A/572: STEM CELL MICROPARTICLES. LG053658 - KR 1020150059168-A/572: STEM CELL MICROPARTICLES. LG240897 - KR 1020160035087-A/572: STEM CELL MICROPARTICLES AND MIRNA. LQ071955 - Sequence 2279 from Patent EP2964234. LV470982 - JP 2016534036-A/572: Stem Cell Microparticles and miRNA. JD156409 - Sequence 137433 from Patent EP1572962. JD235373 - Sequence 216397 from Patent EP1572962. JD332618 - Sequence 313642 from Patent EP1572962. JD373514 - Sequence 354538 from Patent EP1572962. MA645456 - JP 2017113010-A/3380: SIGNAL-SENSOR POLYNUCLEOTIDES FOR THE ALTERATION OF CELLULAR PHENOTYPES. MA733340 - JP 2017140048-A/2210: TERMINALLY MODIFIED RNA. MA405452 - WO 2018155427-A/226: A probe with reduced false positive binding, a method to desing the probe, and the use thereof. MP015022 - Sequence 225 from Patent WO2019016252. MA802509 - JP 2018183181-A/3380: SIGNAL-SENSOR POLYNUCLEOTIDES FOR THE ALTERATION OF CELLULAR PHENOTYPES. MP129672 - Sequence 572 from Patent EP3470073. MP162595 - Sequence 572 from Patent WO2019069093. AK024376 - Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ14314 fis, clone PLACE3000350, weakly similar to SERINE/THREONINE-PROTEIN KINASE SULU (EC 2.7.1.-). JD555265 - Sequence 536289 from Patent EP1572962. JD438540 - Sequence 419564 from Patent EP1572962. JD058726 - Sequence 39750 from Patent EP1572962. JD551413 - Sequence 532437 from Patent EP1572962. JD551464 - Sequence 532488 from Patent EP1572962. JD098955 - Sequence 79979 from Patent EP1572962. JD059539 - Sequence 40563 from Patent EP1572962. JD355759 - Sequence 336783 from Patent EP1572962. JD305898 - Sequence 286922 from Patent EP1572962. JD356861 - Sequence 337885 from Patent EP1572962. BC032793 - Homo sapiens TAO kinase 1, mRNA (cDNA clone IMAGE:3884627). JD168658 - Sequence 149682 from Patent EP1572962. JD092484 - Sequence 73508 from Patent EP1572962. JD304893 - Sequence 285917 from Patent EP1572962. JD306741 - Sequence 287765 from Patent EP1572962. JD059339 - Sequence 40363 from Patent EP1572962. JD199149 - Sequence 180173 from Patent EP1572962. JD229662 - Sequence 210686 from Patent EP1572962. JD326478 - Sequence 307502 from Patent EP1572962. BC037740 - Homo sapiens cDNA clone IMAGE:5263531. FW340071 - Screening. BC051737 - Homo sapiens cDNA clone IMAGE:4812621. BC047652 - Homo sapiens cDNA clone IMAGE:5259584. BC037535 - Homo sapiens cDNA clone IMAGE:5274219. AK025902 - Homo sapiens cDNA: FLJ22249 fis, clone HRC02674. BC062764 - Homo sapiens cDNA clone IMAGE:4285619, partial cds. BC024166 - Homo sapiens, clone IMAGE:4083202, mRNA. AL833649 - Homo sapiens mRNA; cDNA DKFZp667I1220 (from clone DKFZp667I1220). AL110163 - Homo sapiens mRNA; cDNA DKFZp586H0324 (from clone DKFZp586H0324).
Biochemical and Signaling Pathways
Reactome (by CSHL, EBI, and GO)
Protein Q7L7X3 (Reactome details) participates in the following event(s):
R-HSA-141409 Mad1 binds kinetochore R-HSA-375302 Kinetochore capture of astral microtubules R-HSA-5666129 CDC42:GTP recruits DIAPH2-2 to kinetochores R-HSA-5666169 Kinetochore capture of astral microtubules is positively regulated by CDC42:GTP:p-S196-DIAPH2-2 R-HSA-141431 MAD2 associates with the Mad1 kinetochore complex R-HSA-141439 Release of activated MAD2 from kinetochores R-HSA-2467811 Separation of sister chromatids R-HSA-2467809 ESPL1 (Separase) cleaves centromeric cohesin R-HSA-5666160 AURKB phosphorylates DIAPH2-2 at kinetochores R-HSA-141422 MAD2 converted to an inhibitory state via interaction with Mad1 R-HSA-1638821 PP2A-B56 dephosphorylates centromeric cohesin R-HSA-1638803 Phosphorylation of cohesin by PLK1 at centromeres R-HSA-2468287 CDK1 phosphorylates CDCA5 (Sororin) at centromeres R-HSA-141444 Amplification of signal from unattached kinetochores via a MAD2 inhibitory signal R-HSA-68877 Mitotic Prometaphase R-HSA-5663220 RHO GTPases Activate Formins R-HSA-2500257 Resolution of Sister Chromatid Cohesion R-HSA-2467813 Separation of Sister Chromatids R-HSA-141424 Amplification of signal from the kinetochores R-HSA-68886 M Phase R-HSA-195258 RHO GTPase Effectors R-HSA-68882 Mitotic Anaphase R-HSA-69618 Mitotic Spindle Checkpoint R-HSA-69278 Cell Cycle (Mitotic) R-HSA-194315 Signaling by Rho GTPases R-HSA-2555396 Mitotic Metaphase and Anaphase R-HSA-69620 Cell Cycle Checkpoints R-HSA-1640170 Cell Cycle R-HSA-162582 Signal Transduction
US Server
Sequence and Links to Tools and Databases 
Common Gene Haplotype Alleles 
