ID:TFR1_HUMAN DESCRIPTION: RecName: Full=Transferrin receptor protein 1; Short=TR; Short=TfR; Short=TfR1; Short=Trfr; AltName: Full=T9; AltName: Full=p90; AltName: CD_antigen=CD71; Contains: RecName: Full=Transferrin receptor protein 1, serum form; Short=sTfR; FUNCTION: Cellular uptake of iron occurs via receptor-mediated endocytosis of ligand-occupied transferrin receptor into specialized endosomes. Endosomal acidification leads to iron release. The apotransferrin-receptor complex is then recycled to the cell surface with a return to neutral pH and the concomitant loss of affinity of apotransferrin for its receptor. Transferrin receptor is necessary for development of erythrocytes and the nervous system (By similarity). A second ligand, the heditary hemochromatosis protein HFE, competes for binding with transferrin for an overlapping C-terminal binding site. SUBUNIT: Homodimer; disulfide-linked. Binds one transferrin or HFE molecule per subunit. Binds the HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DR1. Interacts with SH3BP3. Interacts with Machupo arenavirus GPC. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Single-pass type II membrane protein. Melanosome. Note=Identified by mass spectrometry in melanosome fractions from stage I to stage IV. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Transferrin receptor protein 1, serum form: Secreted. INDUCTION: Regulated by cellular iron levels through binding of the iron regulatory proteins, IRP1 and IRP2, to iron-responsive elements in the 3'-UTR. Up-regulated upon mitogenic stimulation. PTM: N- and O-glycosylated, phosphorylated and palmitoylated. The serum form is only glycosylated. PTM: Proteolytically cleaved on Arg-100 to produce the soluble serum form (sTfR). PTM: Palmitoylated on both Cys-62 and Cys-67. Cys-62 seems to be the major site of palmitoylation. MISCELLANEOUS: Serum transferrin receptor (sTfR) is used as a means of detecting erythropoietin (EPO) misuse by athletes and as a diagnostic test for anemia resulting from a number of conditions including rheumatoid arthritis, pregnancy, irritable bowel syndrome and in HIV patients. MISCELLANEOUS: Canine and feline parvoviruses bind human and feline transferrin receptors and use these receptors to enter and infect cells. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the peptidase M28 family. M28B subfamily. SIMILARITY: Contains 1 PA (protease associated) domain. SEQUENCE CAUTION: Sequence=BAD92491.1; Type=Erroneous initiation; WEB RESOURCE: Name=Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology; URL="http://atlasgeneticsoncology.org/Genes/TFRCID259ch3q29.html";
The RNAfold program from the Vienna RNA Package is used to perform the secondary structure predictions and folding calculations. The estimated folding energy is in kcal/mol. The more negative the energy, the more secondary structure the RNA is likely to have.
ModBase Predicted Comparative 3D Structure on P02786
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Orthologous Genes in Other Species
Orthologies between human, mouse, and rat are computed by taking the best BLASTP hit, and filtering out non-syntenic hits. For more distant species reciprocal-best BLASTP hits are used. Note that the absence of an ortholog in the table below may reflect incomplete annotations in the other species rather than a true absence of the orthologous gene.
Biological Process: GO:0006879 cellular iron ion homeostasis GO:0006897 endocytosis GO:0006898 receptor-mediated endocytosis GO:0016032 viral process GO:0030316 osteoclast differentiation GO:0030890 positive regulation of B cell proliferation GO:0031623 receptor internalization GO:0033572 transferrin transport GO:0035690 cellular response to drug GO:0042102 positive regulation of T cell proliferation GO:0045780 positive regulation of bone resorption GO:0045830 positive regulation of isotype switching GO:0046718 viral entry into host cell GO:0061024 membrane organization GO:0097286 iron ion import GO:1990830 cellular response to leukemia inhibitory factor GO:0001558 regulation of cell growth GO:0042127 regulation of cell proliferation
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Sequence and Links to Tools and Databases 
Common Gene Haplotype Alleles 
