Uto et al., Immunol Lett 2009
:
Like lipopolysaccharide, gamma-PGA NPs strongly activated spleen dendritic cells (DCs) and induced their cytokine production and costimulatory molecule expression through the nuclear factor-kappaB and mitogen activated protein kinase signaling pathways
Gehrke et al., Nanotoxicology 2013
(Colonic Neoplasms...) :
The results indicate further that effects of SiO2 NPs are not mediated by oxidative stress but by interference with the MAPK/ERK1/2 as well as the Nrf2/ARE signalling pathways
Liu et al., Biomaterials 2013
(Brain Ischemia) :
Furthermore, CBSA-PEG-TIIA-NPs significantly decreased the mRNA expressions of iNOS and p38MAPK, upregulated PPAR? expression, and inhibited the protein levels of iNOS, GFAP and p38MAPK phosphorylation